*2.5. Promoter Analysis of NnDof Genes*

The prediction of cis-regulatory elements in *NnDof* gene promoters can help us learn more about how gene family members regulate transcription (Figure 4). All 29 *NnDofs* have TATA-box and CAAT-box. It was discovered that light-responsive elements (AT-TAAT, CACGTG, and GGTTAA) and meristem expression-related elements (GCCACT) are extensively distributed in the promoter area of the *NnDofs*. There were various elements implicated in abiotic stress responsiveness, including low-temperature responsive elements (CCGAAA), salicylic acid responsive elements (CCATCTTTTT and TCAGAA-GAGG), anaerobic induction response elements (AAACCA), and other defense and stress responsive elements (ATTCTCTAAC). Abscisic acid-responsive elements (ABREs) such as (ACGTG, CACGTG, TACGGTC, and TACGTG), MeJA-responsive motifs such as (TGACG and CGTCA), gibberellin-responsive motifs such as (TCTGTTG and CCTTTTG), and auxinresponsive elements such as (GGTCCAT and AACGAC) were widely found. These results reveal that *NnDofs* are not only regulated by stress responses, but may also be involved in plant growth and development.
