*4.6. Statistical Analyses and Bioinformatics*

Data on the contents of anthocyanins and flavonoids were subjected to analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) using SPSS 20.0 software (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA), while graphs were produced using Microsoft Excel (v2013, Microsoft Corp., USA) and Origin 8.0 (Origin Lab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA) [61]. Treatment means were presented as the mean ± standard deviations of the mean using the three replicates [62]. Bioinformatics data were analyzed using R statistical software package in R Studio version 0.99.446 (RStudio, Inc. 2015) [63].
