*2.2. Validation Process—Pilot Study*

The questionnaire was evaluated for face validity by an interdisciplinary team of ten senior researchers (experts) in the fields of education and community nursing. Special attention was given to item construction, in order to avoid ambiguity or incomprehensibility [20]. The experts involved in the process critically scrutinized the scales on completeness and the items in terms of possible misunderstandings or ambiguities.

A pilot study with 30 students was conducted in order to estimate the face validity of the questionnaire. Students were asked to participate in the pilot study by completing an online Google Form developed for the purposes of the present study. Special attention was given to item construction to avoid ambiguity or incomprehensibility [20]. The participants carefully checked the scales on completeness and the items in terms of possible misunderstandings or ambiguities. All the items were clear and comprehensive, and finally, only a few syntax corrections were made by the researchers. All returned questionnaires had all items answered and were used for the statistical analysis.
