*2.8. Charting of the Data*

This phase comprised the extraction of the appropriate data from the selected literature to compile important insights to answer the research question, as recommended [21,22]. The extraction of the appropriate data assisted in identifying the relevant variables for answering the primary review question. According to [8], the data extraction process reduces bias and improves the overall reliability and validity of the review. The recorded information comprised the characteristics of the study, such as the authors, the sample size and setting, the country of study, the study design, the measurement tools, and the quality assessment. A thematic framework guided the presentation of the narrative accounts of the 13 studies, which then initiated the collection, summaries, and descriptions of the main findings (see Table 3).


**Table 3.**

Characteristics

 of the reviewed studies.


**Table 3.** *Cont.*


**Table 3.** *Cont.*
