*2.1. Sample Preparation*

In this study, *Ustilaginoidea virens* (*U. virens*), *Rice blast* (*R. blast*), *Aspergillus niger* (*A. niger*), and *Aspergillus carbonarius* (*A. carbonarius*) were taken as the research objects, among which the size of *R. blast* spores, *A. niger* spores, and *A. carbonarius* spores was 3–5 μm. The shape is similar to oval or round, and the spores of rice false smut are pearshaped, with a size of 6–8 μm. The spores of *R. blast* and *U. virens* were provided by China Rice Research Institute in Hangzhou, China, and the spores of *A. niger* and *A. carbonarius*

were purchased from Beijing Biological Preservation Center. Four fungi were cultured on PDA medium at 28 ◦C for 7 days, and mature spores with high activity and consistent activity were obtained. During the experiment, fresh conidia on PDA were scraped off and diluted with sterile distilled water in a sterile environment.
