2.1.4. Software Structure Design

The software was developed under the Windows 10 operating system. The Windows operating system has been affirmed and welcomed by consumers and developers and has now been released to Windows 11. The Windows system provides many development interfaces and standards, and the maintenance difficulty is lower than other systems. The Windows 10 Professional operating system used in this study was based on the NT core, with good hardware support and higher development efficiency.

The microcontroller program was written in Keil uVision5 IDE using C language. Keil provides many library functions and development and debugging tools through the integrated environment, which is convenient for developers to call, and is currently the most popular microcontroller development tool.

Qt is a cross-platform C++ graphical user interface application development framework that enables rapid development of GUI programs and non-GUI programs. Through the visual graphical interface editor, the user can quickly and easily drag and drop controls, including buttons, radio boxes, check boxes, group boxes, tree views, table views and texts. Qt has the advantages of being cross-platform, object-oriented, easy to use and fast to run, and it is easy to transplant and can be quickly converted according to the operating system. It is widely used in the development of embedded products and device interfaces.

The dedicated prototype mainly included sensor signal acquisition, data display and data storage functions. To visualize the monitoring process, the prototype developed a special human–computer interaction interface, and the display of each sensor's data was mainly realized by the serial port screen. In order to visually display the data of each sensor, a dedicated display interface was designed.

#### 2.1.5. Prototype System Integration

According to the software and hardware design scheme of the above-mentioned special-purpose prototype, the hardware and software systems were integrated, and the prototype assembly was finally completed. After debugging and optimization of the prototype, the repeatability and stability of the prototype were verified by acquiring apple sample information from the warehouse, and the batch test was carried out after reaching the expectation.
