*2.1. Study Selection*

A literature search was performed using the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and Trip databases to identify articles concerning SC and VCs published between January 2000 and July 2021. Relevant abstracts from the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) of the previous five years were also included.

Two different search queries were made, both using the keywords [glaucoma], [ocular hypertension] and [outpatient clinic]. One search query additionally included the keywords [shared care], [allied health personnel], [collaborative care] and [patient care]. The second search query additionally include the keywords [virtual clinic], [virtual system], and [user computer interface].

Moreover, in order to expand the search, we conducted backward citation tracking, by examining the included article's reference lists.

#### *2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria*

The following inclusion criteria were used: (1) studies evaluating the organization of the glaucoma care pathway; (2) studies evaluating an alternative way of practice, i.e., SC and/or VCs; (3) patients with the diagnosis of glaucoma or suspected glaucoma, or patients at risk of developing glaucoma, e.g., having ocular hypertension (OHT); (4) the staff, working at the clinic, had to be at least one medical Glaucoma Expert (GE) and one non-medical HCP; (5) the clinic operating in a hospital-based setting.

The following exclusion criteria were used: (1) studies evaluating referral patterns from a community-based clinic; (2) studies evaluating case-finding by screening the general population; (3) only optometrists running the clinic; (4) only doctors running the clinic; (5) studies evaluating the care delivered by non-medical HCPs against the care delivered by general ophthalmologists without training or experience in the subspecialty of glaucoma; (6) tele-medicine; (7) virtual reality; (8) the clinic operating in a community-based setting only; (9) the following types of publications (editorials, commentaries, letters); (10) animal studies or in-vitro studies. Only publications in English were considered.

#### *2.3. Terminology*

#### 2.3.1. Glaucoma Subtypes

One of the most prevalent subtypes is open-angle glaucoma, where the anterior chamber angle is open and the intra-ocular pressure (IOP) is usually elevated, i.e., above 21 mm Hg [21].

Another subtype is closed-angle glaucoma, where the anterior chamber angle is closed. Despite being less prevalent worldwide, closed-angle glaucoma carries a much higher risk of blindness because narrow/closed angles can lead to very high IOP levels in a short period of time [22].

A glaucoma suspect is characterized by having glaucomatous visual field defects or glaucomatous structural optic nerve defects (and not both) [23]. OHT is a condition of having a documented IOP > 21 mm Hg without evidence of visual or structural glaucomatous damage [24].
