*4.3. Alteration of Diversity and Composition of the Microbiota in the CST-KO after Supplementation with CST*

Decreased amplicon sequence variants and abundance-based coverage estimator indices in CST-KO mice were restored after supplementation with CST for 15 days [100]. Akin to richness scores, supplementation of CST-KO mice with CST increased the diversity index as assessed by Shanon's *H* and inverted Simpson's index [100]. At the phylum level, CST decreased Bacillota phylum and increased Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria, Desulfobacterota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Proteobacteria in both CST-KO and WT mice [100]. In contrast, CST increased *Alistipes*, *Akkermansia*, and *Roseburia* genera only in CST-KO mice [100].


**Figure 7.** Homology of CST sequence in 53 mammalian species belonging to eight orders. CST sequences were aligned using the MUSCLE method provided by SnapGene software from the following mammalian species: human (Homo sapiens: NM\_001275), bonobo (*Pan paniscus*: XP\_008956465.1), chimpanzee (*Pan troglodytes*: PNI97600.1), western low-land gorilla (*Gorilla gorilla gorilla*: XM\_019009788.2), Sumatran orangutan (*Pongo abelii*: XM\_002825045.3), silvery gibbon (*Hylobates moloch*: XP\_031990963.1), black snub-nosed monkey (*Rhinopithecus bieti*: XM\_017857899.1), crab-eating macaque (*Macaca fascicularis*: XP\_045252830.1), golden snub-nosed monkey (*Rhinopithecus roxellana*: XM\_010384506.1), green monkey (*Chlorocebus sabaeus*: XM\_007987644.2), night monkey (*Aotus nancymaae*: XM\_012455409.1), old world monkey (*Colobus angolensis palliates*: XM\_011949380.1), olive baboon (*Papio Anubis*: XM\_031667888.1), pig-tailed macaque (*Macaca nemestrina*: XM\_011717182.1), red colobus (*Piliocolobus tephrosceles*:

XM\_023205512.3), Sooty mangabey (*Cercocebus atys*: XM\_012083744.1), rhesus monkey (*Macaca mulatta*: NM\_001278450.1), tufted capuchin (*Sapajus apella*: XM\_032287580.1), black rat (*Rattus rattus*: XM\_032908276.1), brown rat (*Rattus norvegicus*: XM\_032908276.1), golden hamster (*Mesocricetus auratus*: XM\_005068386.4), grasshopper mouse (*Onychomys torridus*: XM\_036206345.1), house mouse (*Mus musculus*: NM\_007693.2), multimammate mouse (*Mastomys coucha*: XM\_031357132.1), Ryuku mouse (*Mus caroli*: XM\_021179357.1), Shrew mouse (*Mus pahari*: XM\_021202342.2), European rabbit (*Oryctolagus cuniculus*: XM\_051826432.1), alpaca (*Vicugna pacos*: XP\_031534667.1), Arabian camel (*Camelus dromedarius*: XM\_031454226.1), cattle (*Bos taurus*: NM\_181005.2), goat (*Capra hircus*: XM\_018066172.1), pig (*Sus scrofa*: NP\_001157477.2), sheep (*Ovis aries*: XP\_004018008.3), donkey (*Equus asinus*: XP\_014687627.1), horse (*Equus caballus*: NP\_001075283.2), southern white rhinoceros (*Ceratotherium simum*: XP\_004434274.1), California sea lion (*Zalophus californianus*: XP\_027424506.2), cat (*Felis catus*: XP\_023111743.1), cheetah (*Acinonyx jubatus*: XP\_026922275.1), dog (*Canis lupus*: XP\_038528993.1), giant panda (*Ailuropoda melanoleuca*: XP\_019660005.1), grizzly bear (*Ursus arctos horribilis*: XP\_048075839.1), harbor seal (*Phoca vitulina*: XP\_032261715.1), leopard (*Panthera pardus*: XP\_019317643.2), mongooses (*Suricata suricatta*: XP\_029807749.1), monk seal (*Neomonachus* schauinslandi: XP\_021535325.1), Northern fur seal (*Callorhinus ursinus*: XP\_025726236.1), walrus (*Odobenus rosmarus divergens*: XP\_004394547.1), weddell-seal (*Leptonychotes weddellii*: XP\_030873380.1), dolphin (*Lipotes vexillifer*: XP\_007454783.1), killer whale (*Orcinus orca*: XP\_004262400.1), sperm whale (*Physeter catodon*: XP\_023986851.1), and platypus (*Ornithorhynchus anatinua*: XP\_039767777.1). Yellow shows an amino acid match between species.
