**2. Materials and Methods**

The botanical origin (pollen analysis) and physicochemical characteristics such as moisture content, color, electrical conductivity (EC), free acidity (FA), pH, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), sugar content, and diastase activity (DN) of local and imported honey samples were evaluated according to the recommended methods [12–22]. The honey analyses were performed at the Honey Quality Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, King Saud University, Riyadh.
