**4. Conclusions**

Protein and polyphenols profiling was used to verify the authenticity of 10 honey samples declared by beekeepers as goldenrod. The conclusions from the obtained varietal fingerprints (specific for 70% of the evaluated samples) were supported by standard physicochemical parameters and antioxidant activity of honey as well as PCA and cluster analysis. For selected samples, the antimicrobial effects against model bacteria and yeast strains were verified. HPTLC polyphenolic profiles comparison for honey and extracts of three *Solidago* species did not allow to determine of an exact botanical source of honey. It was found that SDS-PAGE and HPTLC assays allow for obtaining the protein and polyphenol fingerprints for goldenrod honey authentication. Final recognition of these methods requires confirmation for other honey varieties.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/foods11162390/s1, Table S1: Physicochemical parameters of goldenrod honeys; Table S2: Polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity of *Solidago* spp. extracts.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.D. and M.M.; methodology, M.D., K.S. and A.B.; software, M.M.; validation, M.M., K.S. and A.B.; formal analysis, M.M.; investigation, M.M., P.K., K.S., E.S. and A.B.; resources, M.D.; data curation, E.S.; writing—original draft preparation, M.M., E.S.; writing—review and editing, M.D. and A.B; visualization, M.M.; supervision, M.D.; project administration, M.M.; funding acquisition, M.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This work was supported by the project financed under the program of the Minister of Science and Higher Education of Poland entitled "Regional Initiative of Excellence" in 2019–2022 (project no. 026/RID/2018/19).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available in the article and Supplementary Material.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
