*2.3. Analysis of Physicochemical Parameters*

The physicochemical parameters of honey quality are the basis for identifying the authenticity and adulteration of honeys.

The most useful parameter in identification is electrical conductivity. The use of this parameter makes it possible to distinguish nectar honeys of some varieties in relation to multifloral nectar honeys and, above all, the group of honeydew nectar honeys.

Other methods of differentiating honey varieties are as follows:


However, these methods used alone do not allow for the unambiguous differentiation of varietal honeys into particular types and varieties.

The methods that deserve special mention are as follows:


These parameters make it possible to determine the level of honey aging and errors related to improper storage and thermal processing. The values of the above parameters change with the time of honey storage [61,69–84].

According to Popek [66], these methods cannot be considered fully reliable because the parameters change over time. These methods are time-consuming, cost-intensive, and their result does not provide unambiguous information about the authenticity of the honey. There are often problems with the interpretation and reproducibility of the results. Furthermore, the amount of reagent used to determine one sample has a negative impact on the environment.
