**Probability, Stochastic Processes and Optimization**

Editors

**Alexandru Agapie Denis Enachescu Vlad Stefan Barbu Bogdan Iftimie**

Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Novi Sad • Cluj • Manchester

*Editors*

Alexandru Agapie Department of Applied Mathematics The Bucharest University of Economic Studies Bucharest, Romania

Denis Enachescu Doctoral School of Computer Science University of Bucharest Bucharest, Romania

Vlad Stefan Barbu Laboratory of Mathematics Raphael Salem ¨ University of Rouen-Normandy Saint Etienne du Rouvray, ´ France

Bogdan Iftimie Department of Applied Mathematics Bucharest University of Economic Studies Bucharest, Romania

*Editorial Office* MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland

This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal *Mathematics* (ISSN 2227-7390) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/si/mathematics/Probab Stoch Process Optim).

For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below:

Lastname, A.A.; Lastname, B.B. Article Title. *Journal Name* **Year**, *Volume Number*, Page Range.

**ISBN 978-3-0365-9436-1 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-0365-9437-8 (PDF) doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-9437-8**

© 2023 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
