2.2.4. Operation Time Estimation: Machining Operations

For the development of the cost estimation tool, the required machining operations for part production were identified, as follows: side-milling; face-milling; end-milling; drilling, and boring or threading. The equations were obtained from already documented work (such as the Sandvik manual for machining operations), conjugating acquired empirical knowledge to adjust some of these equations, to yield more accurate results in terms of machining time.

Regarding these operations, it is important to note that both part complexity level and production quantity affect the machining times. The influence of the latter will be explained at the end of this subsection.
