2.1.2. Machined Material

The machined material is a duplex stainless steel, UNS S32101, which was provided as a round bar that was 75 mm in diameter. Regarding this material's mechanical properties, it has a yield strength of 450 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 650 MPa, following the information provided by the material's manufacturer (Outokumpu). This steel has an average hardness of 280 ± 20 HV5, and its chemical composition was provided by the manufacturer and can be observed in Table 3. The hardness values were confirmed by performing ten measurements with universal hardness testing equipment, the EMCO M4U, using a 5 kgf and a dwell time of 30 s. The hardness values were in accordance with those present in the material's data sheet (290 HV5), exhibiting a slight deviation.

**Table 3.** Chemical composition (wt%) of the DSS, UNS S32101.

