**Abbreviations**

Hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs), nanocrystals (NCs), rutin (RT), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), rutin nanocrystals (RT-NCs), polydispersity index (PDI), percent drug entrapment efficiency (%EE), settlement volume ratio (*F*), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), physical mixtures (PM), correlation coefficient (*R*2), release exponent (n), flux (*Jss*), and apparent permeability coefficient (*P*app).

### **References**

