*Proceeding Paper* **Enhancing Energy Efficiency: Geothermal Heat Pumps Utilizing Existing Water Boreholes in Pakistan †**

**Saif Ullah \*, Muhammad Irfan and Muhammad Mahabat Khan**

† Presented at the Third International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2023 (ICAME-23), Islamabad, Pakistan, 24 August 2023.

**Abstract:** Vertical borehole geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) offer eco-friendly and energy-efficient heating and cooling. This paper proposes enhancing the coefficient of performance (COP) by converting air source heat pumps (ASHPs) into ground source heat pumps (GSHPs). This study presents a cost-effective approach to utilizing existing water boreholes in Pakistani buildings, reducing drilling and piping expenses. The results show that GSHPs achieved average COP values of 5.92, 33.33% higher than ASHPs. GSHPs demonstrated an average energy efficiency ratio (EER) of 20.12, exceeding ASHPs by 33.9%. These findings highlight the enhanced COP and energy efficiency of GSHPs, making them an attractive option for sustainable HVAC systems.

**Keywords:** ground source heat pump (GSHP); air source heat pump (ASHP); sustainable heating and cooling
