*4.3. DKEM vs. WALE Models*

DKEM sub-grid scale model was used in the grid-sensitivity and validation study described in the previous section. In this section, DKEM is compared with the wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity sub-grid scale model (WALE). Figure 10 shows profiles of the mean velocity, streamwise velocity fluctuation, and velocity-temperature correlations obtained by using the DKEM and WALE SGS models. From this figure, it can be seen that both DKEM and WALE models predict similar results in all of these quantities. Also, the results obtained match the experimental data well, which gives confidence to the results obtained by LES with DKEM.

**Figure 10.** (**a**) Mean velocity, (**b**) streamwise velocity fluctuations, and (**c**) velocity-temperature correlations obtained by DKEM and WALE SGS models. Open circle is experimental data obtained under negligible heating.
