3.2.3. Energy Balance Simulations

The studies performed in the previous sections highlight the significant improvement on the transient response time of the engine during load and speed tip-in conditions (see Results Section). The work performed in this section investigates whether the power harvested by the generator is enough to cover the motor demands. The energy balance study for a specific vehicle was conducted for the following driving cycles with the pre-turbine pressure target set at 15% higher than the baseline engine for the low to medium loads and 5% for the full load conditions:


The engine speed and BMEP demands for the four driving cycles are shown in Figure 11.

**Figure 11.** Driving cycles conditions: (**a**) engine speed; (**b**) engine BMEP. NEDC, New European Driving Cycle; WLTC, Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle.
