**3. Methodology**

The simulations performed in this paper are divided into two main subsections of steady-state and transient analysis. Each of the subsections is further divided into smaller segments to represent different types of studies. A detailed flowchart of all of the simulations performed in this paper is shown in Figure 7.

**Figure 7.** Flowchart of the simulation process. WG, wastegate.

Finally, it needs to be highlighted that all of the studies presented in this paper show the potential available energy in the system. Any electrical losses such as alternator, converter and battery losses have not been considered at this point.
