4.5.5. Public Area Lighting

In the lighting restrictions of public activity areas, Shanghai provides lighting requirements for public activity areas and sets illumination standards for grasslands, gardens, platforms, and children's playgrounds, where minimum illumination levels, illumination uniformity, and minimum vertical illumination are proposed [23]. Guangzhou has imposed time limits on nighttime lighting in public areas. It is prohibited to have lighting in public areas from 22:00 to 6:00 in the evening and when it affects the normal rest of the surrounding residents. The luminaires and upward light output ratio (ULOR) of the night illumination of the square should conform to the urban nighttime lighting design specifications and must not cause glare or light environmental effects on pedestrians or motor vehicle drivers [24]. Tianjin and Beijing have not imposed lighting restrictions on public areas. Table 13 shows the minimum illumination limit, illuminance uniformity, and minimum vertical illumination for public areas in shanghai.


**Table 13.** Lighting requirements for public areas in Shanghai.
