3.3.2. Ablation Study

To examine the contribution of different modules in the proposed DA-EMA module, an ablation study was conducted. The first experiment used the structure of DenseASPP with a modified dilation rate without the EMA module (DA), the second experiment only utilized one EMA module to process the feature map from the backbone (EMA), and the third experiment was conducted using the proposed DA-EMA module. As per the results shown in Table 7, both the EMA module and the densely connected structure helped to improve the overall performance.

**Table 7.** Detailed configuration of DA-EMA units.

