**6. Conclusions**

#### *6.1. Theoretical Implications*

In terms of theoretical contribution, most importantly, this study provides a scheme using generally accepted indexes to assess the BIM maturity for projects with BIM applications. This is the first study to present the BATM concept with the PBM and PBA maturities from the two dimensions of the virtual and real worlds, and the first to assess the PBM and PBA maturities based on the eight performance domains and 37 desired outcomes of PMBOK 7th edition. Furthermore, this study establishes a complete BATM assessment system by combining with an application case. Finally, the study further develops the maturity theory of project management and BIM applications.

#### *6.2. Practical Implications*

The practical implications are as follows. Firstly, because the assessment indexes of the BATM model are based on the PMBOK 7th edition, the BATM model can be applied to different project types and different project phases, which eliminates the user's difficulty in choosing a model from various PBA models with different assessment indexes, and increases the practical value of the BATM model. Secondly, the eight performance domains and 37 desired outcomes of PMBOK are generally accepted, so they are more convenient and easier to use than the indexes of other models. Thirdly, the comparison between the PBM and PBA maturities makes it easier to identify the deficiencies and problems in project management and BIM applications, and then to take effective measures to improve their maturities. Fourthly, the actual application case showed that the questionnaire can be used easily by the participants, and set an example for other companies to improve their PBM and PBA capability.
