**4. Results**

VT examination of the external surface of the Yehud *gerah* Type 5 O1/R1, O1/R2, O1/R3, O1/R4, and O1/R5, and of the Yehud series Type 16 (O2/R2), Type 24 (O1/R2), and Type 31 (O1/R1) (Figures 2–4) revealed that these coins were well preserved and covered with grey oxide, but also included areas of exposed shiny silver metal. XRF analysis results of the surface of coins Type 5 O1/R1, O1/R2, and O1/R4 revealed highpurity silver with a small percentage (less than 5 wt%) of copper. Other elements were also detected on the surface of the coins, including Si, Au, Pb, Sn, As, Bi, S, Fe, P, Mg, Mn, Ca, Al, and Ti. One coin in the Type 5 group, O1/R1 (IAA 153976), revealed exceptional composition according to XRF analysis with up to 46.7 wt% Ag and 44.5 wt% Cu. Two coins in the Type 5 group, O1/R2 (IAA 154383 and IMJ 27387), also revealed exceptional composition with up to 69.7 wt% Ag and 35.4 wt% Cu (for coin IAA 154383) and with up to 58.4 wt% Ag and 33.1 wt% Cu (for coin IMJ 27387) according to XRF analysis. One coin in group Type 5, O1/R4 (IAA 153981), also revealed exceptional composition according to XRF analysis with up to 76.2 wt% Ag and 12.6 wt% Cu.
