**6. Conclusions**

There is insufficient literature related to water diplomacy in the context of the new future global security structure. Many studies focus on water diplomacy and SDGs. However, there is a lack of research on these issues linked with the emerging new security architecture. Therefore, this article is a contribution to fill such a gap. The answer to the stated research question underlines that water diplomacy influences global security architecture. However, a condition for its effectiveness is engagement between not only international entities but primarily nation-states and global great superpowers. The findings are added value for the audience of the presented research. These research results will be valuable for researchers, actors, and participants of international relations. The conducted research shows that the presented hypothesis has been confirmed. However, without the will of state actors, it will be almost impossible to be effective in implementing the SDGs and creating more peace in the world. The action of the United Nations will also be more effective with the support of its member states. In this way, the United Nations will receive real legitimacy to influence the world. Thus, the UN water diplomacy, with numerous agencies and funds, has a great opportunity to influence the Middle East, Africa, and Asia in implementing the SDGs and contributing to world peace.

Fresh water will be increasingly affected coupled with population growth and climate change, contributing to international conflicts. In armed conflicts that are already underway, water infrastructure is a crucial element of ongoing military operations. At the same time, the world is witnessing enormous dynamics in global relations with the complex constellation of power and interests. Moreover, increasingly, the current international relations are based on a world network of connections and interdependencies. In addition, a present world order structure meets the aggressive implementation of national interests and new influence spheres. On the one hand, the world can observe a novel balance of power appearing, on the other hand, this system shows enormous instability. This, in turn, causes growing tensions and an increase in political, economic, and military conflicts. Therefore, for modern diplomacy, including water diplomacy, the new world security architecture is one of the most serious tasks.

The presented findings of this research are significant to a global audience. However, due to the requirements of the length of the text, the study was limited to selected international entities. As a result, the topic under discussion lacks an in-depth analysis of a broader circle of actors in international relations, such as NGOs, that play a significant role in water diplomacy. In addition, linkages of non-governmental initiatives with national governments and multinational corporations are crucial issues to be explored. Consequently, an interesting point for further research of the discussed topic should be related to transnational business groups' influence on SDGs and water diplomacy effectiveness. Additionally, the two global great powers, the US and China, change strategies related to climate changes, and the Sustainable Development Goals are the new inspiration for worldwide researchers. Taking this crucial topic, they can provide novel contributions in the field of academic and professional endeavors.

**Funding:** This research was funded by Zayed University, grant number R20069.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The author declares no conflict of interest.
