**4. Conclusions**

The protection, development and transmission of intangible cultural heritage is an issue of great concern to society. For the wide variety of intangible cultural heritage, it is more meaningful to classify it into special studies [34]. This study applies the method of landscape presentation of the intangible cultural heritage of folk activities to the case study of the Taishun Hundred-family Feast culture. Through the in-depth excavation of the Taishun Hundred-family Feast culture, the excavation results are classified and analysed, the type of landscape space required for each cultural activity is analysed, and the pattern form, colour, material and text content of the material carrier of the cultural activity are analysed to extract the landscape design and apply it to the landscape structures and the complex expression of the landscape while making full use of the local natural resources and characteristics to fully integrate the spiritual beliefs of culture into the landscape space, which is finally applied to the landscape planning and design of Sankui town centre. Thematic, immersive and interactive landscapes are used to realize the cultural presentation of the Taishun Hundred-family Feast. For each thematic landscape area, different landscape elements and landscape spaces are used as the carrier for the construction of the cultural landscape of the Hundred-family Feast. At the same time, the landscape space carries each activity of Taishun's Hundred-family Feast Culture, creating a different cultural atmosphere and expressing different spiritual beliefs, thus attracting people to participate to feel and experience the Hundred-family Feast Culture. This also provides new ideas for protecting and developing the intangible cultural heritage and its inheritance. At the same time, it gives and enriches the cultural connotation of the landscape, achieving a mutual promotion effect.

Given the intangible characteristics of the intangible cultural heritage, it is necessary to rely on the expression of material carriers to achieve dissemination and development. Moreover, it is closely linked to the surrounding natural and cultural environment. Hence, the protection of intangible cultural heritage through landscape presentation is more conducive to the dissemination and development of intangible cultural heritage. This paper presents a three-step approach to the landscape presentation of the intangible cultural heritage of folklore activities through content excavation–extraction of landscape design elements and landscape expression, which can effectively explore the landscape expression of this type of heritage and achieve more targeted protection and development of intangible cultural heritage.

At the same time, the landscape presentation of the intangible cultural heritage of folklore activities is complex and contains a great deal of content. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the dependency relationship between the intangible cultural heritage of folklore activities and the landscape carrier and to follow up and investigate the protection and transmission of intangible cultural heritage and people's experience during the development of the relevant cases from the actual effect of the landscape presentation, to verify and improve the theory in the long term.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.W., G.Z. and Q.Z.; Data collection, M.W. and G.Z.; Data analysis, M.W. and Q.Z.; Writing—original draft, M.W. and Q.Z.; Writing—review and editing, M.W., G.Z. and Q.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the National Social Science Fund of China, grant number 19BSH109.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to the privacy requested by respond ents.

**Acknowledgments:** We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and feedback to improve this manuscript.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

#### **Appendix A**

The four cultural themes excavated from the Taishun Hundred-family Feast Intangible Cultural Heritage regarding the activities and cultural beliefs.

(1) Ritual culture

The ritual culture concentrates on the spiritual beliefs of the local people in their ancestors, the Fourteenth Goddess of Chen and Wang Qilao. It includes the spring ritual at the ancestral shrine in the morning, the ritual ceremony for the Fourteenth Goddess of Chen at Linshui Palace in the afternoon, and the street tour activities in the street parade. The material carriers of these include bamboo sticks with bamboo leaves, firecrackers, ritual chants, tributes, dressing for the parade and palanquin, all of which can be used as landscape elements. The rituals of the spring festival are more solemn, while the street strolling activities are more lively and active. Both revolve around a specific cultural space, and when creating the atmosphere for the two different activities, they should be combined with their characteristics to create their landscape atmosphere. The whole process of the event is possible to perceive and learn the cultural and spiritual connotations through words, patterns, statues and virtual images in the experience.

(2) Food culture

The food culture reflects the unique agricultural products, cooking techniques and gourmet recipes of the local people. The food culture in the Hundred-family Feast culture has a more spiritual connotation given to the food:the symbolic meaning of the dishes. The preparation work before preparing the banquet also has a unique connotation in the Hundred-family Feast culture. These include the preparation of the banquet, such as the drawing of the lucky head in the year of the flower row, the raising of the fortune money and the setting up of the venue, the origin of the names of the dishes, the ingredients needed for the dishes and the preparation process of the dishes in the Hundred-family Feast dishes.

(3) Festival culture

Festival culture can reflect the various activities performed by local people to celebrate events, including dragon and lion dances, dragon and phoenix lion lamps, folk music performances, pyrotechnic puppets, puppet shows and fireworks displays. The colours and styles of the dragon and lion dances and lion lanterns can be extracted to express the landscape, using the colours of the landscape elements and materials. Folk music can be expressed through musical instruments and the melody of the music, enriching the landscape experience through the sound of the instruments. The pyrotechnic puppets and puppet shows can be used to show and educate people by dissecting the principles involved in the form of landscape installations and by using the figures of the dolls to present local stories. Firework displays can be created with different patterns to create a unique and culturally relevant firework.

(4) Spiritual culture

Spiritual culture is concentrated in other cultures and contains the spirit of commemorating ancestors, praying for a good harvest, blessing peace, harmony and unity. These spiritual cultures are inseparable from any activity in the Hundred-family Feast culture; therefore, in the process of presenting it, these spiritual cultures should be integrated into the landscape in every detail. The most representative features are "red", "lanterns", "fortune" and "circle" patterns, and these elements are used as the main landscape elements to create a spiritual space.
