*4.6. Analysis of the Relationship between Activities and Tourists' Perceptions*

The relationship between activities and tourists' perceptions is shown in Figure 10. The results show that most of the tourists' perceptions are related to the unconscious and peaceful activities (walking, sightseeing, relaxing and enjoying) that Olmsted expected would feature in the park, followed by recreational activities and sports activities. The positive evaluation of "fascinating" had the highest correlation with people's activities, followed by "picturesque" and "fun".

Among the activities expected by Olmsted, walking was the most closely related to tourists' perceptions. "Fascinating" (3214) was the most relevant to walking, followed by "picturesque" (1143) and "fun" (946). When walking, tourists could immerse themselves in the beautiful scenery of the park and unconsciously reach a relaxed state. When sightseeing, they most commonly experienced the perception of "fascinating" (2980), followed by "picturesque" (1001) and "fun" (982). These data show that Central Park not only achieved the tranquil, "picturesque" effect expected by Olmsted, but also brought induced exciting landscape perceptions in people through the maintenance and transformations undertaken by later managers. The activities of relaxing and enjoying were also closely related to perceptions of "fascinating", "picturesque" and "fun", with 1615, 548 and 543 comments, respectively. Walking, sightseeing, relaxing and enjoying tranquility in the park are beneficial to health, particularly for the eyes, thanks to the refined and rarefied air produced by the greenery [36].

In terms of entertainment activities, entertainment games and shopping were closely related to perceptions. In terms of sports activities, biking was most closely related to tourists' perceptions, with 1524 comments related to "fascinating", 521 related to "fun", 480 related to "picturesque", and 362 and 361 related to "spacious" and "healing", respectively. Besides this, the playing of musical instruments, singing and dancing, which had been prohibited before, also induced more positive perceptions in tourists.

Now, the park is full of activities and vitality—"This park had it all, nature, museums, activities, concepts, rowing, running, every sport imaginable, vendors and much more, now go really explore it for yourself and have fun—it would probably take an entire week to see it all".

**Figure 10.** Sankey diagram of the relationship between activities and tourists' perceptions (Source: created by authors).
