*Article* **The Bi-Level Optimization Model Research for Energy-Intensive Load and Energy Storage System Considering Congested Wind Power Consumption**

**Shuyan Zhang 1, Kaoshe Zhang 1,2, Gang Zhang 1,2,\*, Tuo Xie 1,2, Jiaxing Wen 1, Chao Feng <sup>3</sup> and Weihong Ben <sup>4</sup>**


**Abstract:** Due to the uncertainty of wind power output, the congestion of wind power has become prominent. Exactly how to improve the capacity of wind power consumption has become a problem that needs to be studied urgently. In this paper, an energy storage system and energy-extensive load with adjustable characteristics are used as an important means of consuming wind power. Firstly, we analyze the reasons for the congestion according to the characteristics of wind power output, and establish a model of the grid's ability to integrate wind power based on the concept of a wind power admissible interval. Secondly, we analyze the energy-extensive load regulation characteristics and establish an energy-extensive load dispatch model. Thirdly, on the basis of considering the energy-extensive load and energy storage system adjustment constraints, a bi-level optimization model is established. The upper level determines the configured capacity of the energy storage system with the goal of minimizing the total economic investment of the energy storage system, and the lower level coordinates the dispatching with the goal of maximizing wind power consumption and minimizing system operating costs. Finally, a certain region is taken as an example to verify the validity of the proposed method.

**Keywords:** wind power consumption; energy storage system; energy-intensive load; uncertainty of wind power
