Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Host Interactions
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 19
Special Issue Editors
Interests: HIV/SIV-host interaction; SIV reservoir; NHP model; mucosal immunity in SIV infection; CD8+ T cell immunity; gut stem cell organoids
Interests: cellular immunology; cell metabolism; alveolar macrophages; cell culture models; cell aging; senescence; host-pathogen interactions; autophagy; apoptosis; stem cell; mycobacterium tuberculosis-HIV coinfections; gut microbiota; lung biology
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Eradicating HIV remains a challenge due to the persistence of latently infected cells that harbor a replication-competent provirus within the host's genetic material and evade immune detection. Although combination antiretroviral therapy can suppress HIV replication, it cannot eliminate these virus reservoirs. The virus employs various strategies to evade the host's immune system. Resting CD4+ T cells are considered major contributors to HIV reservoirs. Approaches like reactivating latent viruses, differentiating central memory T cells into short-lived cells, boosting antiviral immune responses, and gene therapy for reservoir elimination have been explored, but they have yet to be successful without a deeper understanding of the biology of infected cells and the mechanisms of reservoir establishment. In addition, the use of drugs like cannabinoids has been reported recently to impact HIV/SIV infection by modulating host microbiota.
The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model in non-human primates offers valuable insights into HIV–host interactions. Research using this model has expanded to better understand the disease's complexity. This Special Issue will address identifying virus reservoirs, factors contributing to virus reservoir establishment and pathogenesis, host immune responses, interventions to eliminate viral reservoirs, including reversal of virus latency, the biology of viral immune evasion and how to combat it, and finally, the role of microbiota and the use of substances in HIV/SIV infection.
Dr. Nongthombam Boby
Dr. Susanta Pahari
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- HIV/SIV/SHIV infection
- rhesus macaques
- host immunity
- chronic inflammation
- mucosal immunity
- immune evasion
- therapeutic intervention
- immune checkpoints
- microbiota
- substance use
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