Moringa oleifera Lam. Isothiocyanate Quinazolinone Derivatives Inhibit U251 Glioma Cell Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation and Apoptosis Induction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Elucidation of Structures of MITC Quinazolinone Derivatives
2.2. MITC-12 Has Strong Growth Inhibitory Activity against U251 Cells
2.3. MITC-12 Inhibited U251 Cell Proliferation
2.4. MITC-12 Induced Apoptosis of U251 Cells
2.5. MITC-12 Induced U251 Cell Cycle Arrest
2.6. Transcriptomics Analysis of U251 Cells
2.7. Effect of MITC-12 on the Expression Levels of Cell Cycle and JNK Pathway Proteins in U251 Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Chemicals
4.2. Preparation of Quinazolinone Derivatives of MITC
4.3. Cell Culture and MTT Assay
4.4. Colony Formation Assay
4.5. Flow Cytometry Assay
4.6. Immunofluorescence Assays
4.6.1. EdU Staining
4.6.2. Hoechst Staining
4.7. Transcriptome Sequencing
4.8. NGS Data Analysis
4.9. Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis
4.10. Western Blotting Analysis
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MITC | Inhibition Rate % | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A431 | A375 | PC-3 | 786-O | HCT-116 | Hela | MDA-MB-231 | U251 | |
MITC-01 | 4 ± 0.04% | −2 ± 0.01% | 12 ± 0.06% | −9 ± 0.08% | 27 ± 0.02% | 21 ± 0.19% | −18 ± 0.06% | 4 ± 0.07% |
MITC-02 | 7 ± 0.04% | −11 ± 0.03% | 20 ± 0.11% | −2 ± 0.10% | 19 ± 0.03% | 19 ± 0.04% | −2 ± 0.04% | 11 ± 0.03% |
MITC-03 | 5 ± 0.05% | −12 ± 0.05% | 6 ± 0.07% | −7 ± 0.07% | 19 ± 0.07% | 21 ± 0.08% | −16 ± 0.2% | 9 ± 0.03% |
MITC-04 | 18 ± 0.04% | 2 ± 0.02% | 9 ± 0.05% | −4 ± 0.07% | 32 ± 0.04% | 18 ± 0.03% | −16 ± 0.05% | 10 ± 0.05% |
MITC-05 | 2 ± 0.02% | −6 ± 0.03% | 8 ± 0.10% | 0 ± 0.07% | 49 ± 0.03% | 40 ± 0.16% | 32 ± 0.12% | 17 ± 0.08% |
MITC-06 | 10 ± 0.05% | −14 ± 0.04% | 14 ± 0.02% | 21 ± 0.03% | 35 ± 0.05% | −9 ± 0.07% | 55 ± 0.08% | 16 ± 0.08% |
MITC-07 | −5 ± 0.05% | −17 ± 0.04% | 3 ± 0.11% | 3 ± 0.13% | 28 ± 0.06% | 1 ± 0.08% | 42 ± 0.15% | 19 ± 0.04% |
MITC-08 | −1 ± 0.04% | −15 ± 0.02% | 7 ± 0.13% | 2 ± 0.06% | 50 ± 0.12% | 16 ± 0.17% | 36 ± 0.08% | 20 ± 0.02% |
MITC-09 | 3 ± 0.04% | −14 ± 0.02% | 4 ± 0.06% | −6 ± 0.04% | 41 ± 0.03% | 33 ± 0.06% | 48 ± 0.08% | 28 ± 0.03% |
MITC-10 | 21 ± 0.03% | 13 ± 0.02% | 34 ± 0.05% | −5 ± 0.03% | 47 ± 0.03% | 34 ± 0.05% | 38 ± 0.04% | 26 ± 0.06% |
MITC-11 | −4 ± 0.06% | −23 ± 0.01% | 6 ± 0.02% | −3 ± 0.07% | 18 ± 0.06% | −2 ± 0.12% | 33 ± 0.09% | 20 ± 0.05% |
MITC-12 | 83 ± 0.01% | 84 ± 0.01% | 19 ± 0.06% | −2 ± 0.05% | 60 ± 0.05% | 54 ± 0.02% | 54 ± 0.04% | 88 ± 0.01% |
MITC-13 | 9 ± 0.02% | −4 ± 0.01% | −15 ± 0.05% | −31 ± 0.11% | 31 ± 0.05% | 9 ± 0.03% | 1 ± 0.03% | 18 ± 0.07% |
MITC-14 | 4 ± 0.03% | −6 ± 0.07% | −11 ± 0.13% | −29 ± 0.05% | 32 ± 0.05% | 11 ± 0.04% | 1 ± 0.11% | 18 ± 0.04% |
MITC-15 | 15 ± 0.02% | −4 ± 0.02% | −9 ± 0.09% | −16 ± 0.06% | 36 ± 0.03% | 10 ± 0.04% | −4 ± 0.04% | 24 ± 0.04% |
MITC-16 | 3 ± 0.02% | −11 ± 0.04% | −21 ± 0.13% | −19 ± 0.06% | 18 ± 0.05% | 2 ± 0.02% | −13 ± 0.07% | 23 ± 0.05% |
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Xie, J.; Yang, M.-R.; Hu, X.; Hong, Z.-S.; Bai, Y.-Y.; Sheng, J.; Tian, Y.; Shi, C.-Y. Moringa oleifera Lam. Isothiocyanate Quinazolinone Derivatives Inhibit U251 Glioma Cell Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation and Apoptosis Induction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411376
Xie J, Yang M-R, Hu X, Hong Z-S, Bai Y-Y, Sheng J, Tian Y, Shi C-Y. Moringa oleifera Lam. Isothiocyanate Quinazolinone Derivatives Inhibit U251 Glioma Cell Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation and Apoptosis Induction. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(14):11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411376
Chicago/Turabian StyleXie, Jing, Ming-Rong Yang, Xia Hu, Zi-Shan Hong, Yu-Ying Bai, Jun Sheng, Yang Tian, and Chong-Ying Shi. 2023. "Moringa oleifera Lam. Isothiocyanate Quinazolinone Derivatives Inhibit U251 Glioma Cell Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation and Apoptosis Induction" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14: 11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411376