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αN-Acetyl β-Endorphin Is an Endogenous Ligand of σ1Rs That Regulates Mu-Opioid Receptor Signaling by Exchanging G Proteins for σ2Rs in σ1R Oligomers
- Javier Garzón-Niño,
- Elsa Cortés-Montero,
- María Rodríguez-Muñoz and
- Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
The opioid peptide β-endorphin coexists in the pituitary and brain in its αN-acetylated form, which does not bind to opioid receptors. We now report that these neuropeptides exhibited opposite effects in in vivo paradigms, in which ligands...