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3,927 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
6,231 Views
43 Pages

31 July 2024

Electric vehicles (EVs) have seen significant growth due to the increasing awareness about environmental concerns and the negative impacts of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The electric vehicle landscape is rapidly evolving, with EV pol...

  • Review
  • Open Access
685 Citations
92,838 Views
84 Pages

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

  • Fuad Un-Noor,
  • Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban,
  • Lucian Mihet-Popa,
  • Mohammad Nurunnabi Mollah and
  • Eklas Hossain

17 August 2017

Electric vehicles (EV), including Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), are becoming more commonplace in the transportation sector in recent times. As...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
3,233 Views
11 Pages

25 September 2015

This paper presents the results of an analysis of real-world trip and charge data from an electric vehicle (EV) fleet, deployed in the Flanders’ Living Labs. The Flanders’ Living Labs are life test environments for electric mobility in which companie...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
1,988 Views
10 Pages

This paper focuses on a front-and-rear-wheel-independent-drive-type-electric vehicle (FRID EV) which is being developed as the next generation EV with ideal characteristics of driving performance and safety. The FRID EV development work has included...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,590 Views
24 Pages

30 March 2021

To expand markets for plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) beyond enthusiastic early adopters, investments must be strategic. This research characterizes a segment of EV adoption that points the way toward the mainstream: EV consumers with low or no initi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,435 Views
28 Pages

30 September 2025

In response to the rising demand for sustainable transportation, electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly regarded as viable alternatives to conventional vehicles. This study investigates the intention of Malaysian consumers to choose EVs as their pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,456 Views
23 Pages

Fractional Order PI-Based Control Applied to the Traction System of an Electric Vehicle (EV)

  • German Ardul Munoz-Hernandez,
  • Gerardo Mino-Aguilar,
  • Jose Fermi Guerrero-Castellanos and
  • Edgar Peralta-Sanchez

3 January 2020

This paper presents a design of a cruise control based on a fractional-order proportional and integral (PI) direct torque control applied to the traction system of an electric vehicle (EV). The paper also discusses the modeling, control design and si...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
2,193 Views
12 Pages

This study defines a process to devise random power spectral density (PSD) profiles that are representative of 100,000 miles of UK customer electric vehicle (EV) usage utilising vibration measurements from three contemporary EV’s, for undertaking vib...

  • Article
  • Open Access
263 Views
25 Pages

Price, Maintenance Cost, Infrastructure Readiness, and Attitude: An Integrated Model of Electric Vehicle (EV) Purchase Intention

  • Nor Azila Mohd Noor,
  • Azli Muhammad,
  • Tunku Nur Atikhah Tunku Abaidah,
  • Mohd Farid Shamsudin and
  • Filzah Md Isa

23 November 2025

In response to the increasing global emphasis on sustainability, electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as promising alternative vehicles. Grounded in the Value–Attitude–Behaviour (VAB) model and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,189 Views
29 Pages

4 November 2019

This work investigates minimum charging infrastructure size and cost for two typical EU urban areas and given passenger car electric vehicle (EV) fleets. Published forecasts sources were analyzed and compared with actual EU renewal fleet rate, derivi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
114 Citations
13,647 Views
26 Pages

Electric Vehicles: V2G for Rapid, Safe, and Green EV Penetration

  • Abdullah Dik,
  • Siddig Omer and
  • Rabah Boukhanouf

22 January 2022

Low carbon and renewable energy sources (RESs) are fast becoming a key sustainable instrument in meeting the global growth of electricity demand while curbing carbon emissions. For example, the gradual displacement of fossil-fuelled vehicles with ele...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
6,666 Views
15 Pages

This current and pioneering work aimed to assess the on-road performance of selected hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) in local urban road conditions following the World Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) and th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,860 Views
19 Pages

8 October 2021

Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) is a promising technology to charge Electric Vehicles (EV) using on-road charging segments (CS), also known as DWC pads. In order to ensure effective utilization of this on-the-road charging service, communication and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,902 Views
31 Pages

The growing electric vehicle (EV) sector, while tackling climate issues, also encounters obstacles concerning resource usage and a rise in EV disposal. This study examines the circularity framework in the EV sector to address these problems, emphasiz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
4,108 Views
12 Pages

28 September 2012

ECOtality was awarded a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to lead a large-scale electric vehicle charging infrastructure demonstration, called The EV Project. ECOtality has partnered with Nissan North America, General Motors, the Idaho Nationa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,730 Views
9 Pages

24 September 2010

This paper describes a driving torque distribution method for front–and-rear-wheel-independent-drivetype electric vehicles (FRID EVs) in which it is possible to get stable steering on a low friction coefficient road surface. This method is characteri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
7,555 Views
18 Pages

Over the last 50 years since Whittingham created the world’s first lithium-ion battery (LIB) in 1970, LIBs have continued to develop and have become mainstream for electric vehicle (EV) batteries. However, when an LIB for an EV reaches 80% of i...

  • Review
  • Open Access
53 Citations
6,366 Views
28 Pages

24 June 2022

The transport sector generates a considerable amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide, especially road transport, which accounts for 95% of the total GHGs. It is commonly known that Electric vehicles (EVs) can significantly reduce GHG emis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
7,513 Views
16 Pages

18 July 2022

The number of electric vehicles (EV) on the roads, as well as the share of EVs in use, will inevitably increase in coming decades. This creates a number of problems. A large EV fleet is a significant additional load in the power system that is imposs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,544 Views
10 Pages

Switch reluctance (SR) motors attract attention as a motor that does not use permanent magnet material. So it is a strong candidate for electrical vehicle (EV) application. In EV application axial flux machines are preferred over radial flux machines...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,160 Views
40 Pages

9 May 2024

The rising Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions stemming from the extensive use of automobiles across the globe represent a critical environmental challenge, contributing significantly to phenomena such as global warming and the deterioration of air qualit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,239 Views
26 Pages

5 October 2023

The widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) poses challenges associated with charging infrastructures and their impact on the electrical grid. To address these challenges, smart charging approaches have emerged as a key solution that optimizes...

  • Review
  • Open Access
160 Citations
23,061 Views
15 Pages

25 February 2018

Electric vehicles reduce pollution only if a high percentage of the electricity mix comes from renewable sources and if the battery manufacturing takes place at a site far from the vehicle use region. Industries developed due to increased electric ve...

  • Review
  • Open Access
296 Citations
25,645 Views
22 Pages

20 May 2020

To combat global climate change moving towards sustainable, mobility is one of the most holistic approaches. Hence, decarbonization of the transport sector by employing electric vehicles (EVs) is currently an environmentally benign and efficient solu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
4,738 Views
21 Pages

19 February 2021

Electrification of powertrain systems offers numerous advantages in the global trend in vehicular applications. A wide range of energy sources and zero-emission propulsion in the tank to wheel significantly add to electric vehicles’ (EV) attractivene...

  • Review
  • Open Access
175 Citations
23,619 Views
21 Pages

Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies, Charging Methods, Standards and Optimization Techniques

  • Syed Muhammad Arif,
  • Tek Tjing Lie,
  • Boon Chong Seet,
  • Soumia Ayyadi and
  • Kristian Jensen

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of electric vehicle technology, charging methods, standards, and optimization techniques. The essential characteristics of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) are first discussed. Rece...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,047 Views
20 Pages

7 June 2023

The use of electric vehicles (EVs) for household uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs), particularly in rural areas, can greatly improve household power reliability. However, because EVs are mobile, the evaluation of backup capacity for EV-UPS system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
712 Views
25 Pages

Owing to the recent attention towards the growing issue of global warming, the automotive industry is shifting towards more capable and eco-friendly vehicles with longer ranges than conventional vehicles. Although the transition to eco-friendly vehic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,556 Views
22 Pages

6 March 2020

Electric vehicles are an effective tool to reduce vehicle born emissions from road transportation. Faced with major pollution issues, China is committed to vigorously promoting electric vehicles. China has made active efforts in subsidies, policies,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,993 Views
20 Pages

Life Cycle Cost Assessment of Electric, Hybrid, and Conventional Vehicles in Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis

  • Md. Sarowar Khaled,
  • Abdalla M. Abdalla,
  • Pg Emeroylariffion Abas,
  • Juntakan Taweekun,
  • Md. Sumon Reza and
  • Abul K. Azad

The automobile industry is shifting from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) or electric vehicles (EVs) extremely fast. Our calculation regarding the most popular private car brand in Bangladesh, Toyota, sho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,636 Views
14 Pages

8 August 2022

Electric vehicles (EVs) will be dominating the modes of transport in the future. Current limitations discouraging the use of EVs are mainly due to the characteristics of the EV battery and lack of easy access to charging stations. Charging schedules...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
8,143 Views
59 Pages

This work analyzes the electric vehicle (EV) sales trends of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and trends in the growth of Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) charging infrastructure station sc...

  • Review
  • Open Access
101 Citations
43,483 Views
26 Pages

26 May 2022

Worldwide growth in electric vehicle use is prompting new installations of private and public electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). EVSE devices support the electrification of the transportation industry but also represent a linchpin for power sy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,643 Views
27 Pages

2 December 2024

Rapid technology advances have made managing charging loads and optimizing routes for electric vehicle (EV) fleets, especially in cities, increasingly important. IoT sensors in EV charging stations and cars enhance prediction and optimization algorit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,618 Views
37 Pages

A Study on Electric Vehicle Footprint in South Africa

  • Oluwafemi Emmanuel Oni and
  • Omowunmi Mary Longe

3 December 2024

There has been a progressive global increase in the usage of electric vehicles in this dispensation. This is mostly due to the need to decarbonise the transport sector and mitigate the concerns of climate change and depleting oil reserves of which So...

  • Review
  • Open Access
34 Citations
17,127 Views
25 Pages

Electric Vehicles—An Overview of Current Issues—Part 1—Environmental Impact, Source of Energy, Recycling, and Second Life of Battery

  • Marek Guzek,
  • Jerzy Jackowski,
  • Rafał S. Jurecki,
  • Emilia M. Szumska,
  • Piotr Zdanowicz and
  • Marcin Żmuda

3 January 2024

The rapid transition to electric-drive vehicles is taking place globally. Most automakers are adding electric models to their lineups to prepare for the new electric future. From the analysis of the automotive market, it is evident that there is a gr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,125 Views
20 Pages

Opportunities and Challenges of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Integration

  • Tingke Fang,
  • Annette von Jouanne,
  • Emmanuel Agamloh and
  • Alex Yokochi

12 November 2024

This paper presents an overview of the status and prospects of fuel cell electric vehicles (FC-EVs) for grid integration. In recent years, renewable energy has been explored on every front to extend the use of fossil fuels. Advanced technologies invo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,730 Views
23 Pages

22 November 2022

The actual research in terms of energy focuses drastically on the use of green energy resources. Hydropower systems have been the most known green sources for years. However, the hydropower systems, which are seasonal and most exploited, do not cover...

  • Review
  • Open Access
39 Citations
9,620 Views
38 Pages

Impact of Transportation Electrification on the Electricity Grid—A Review

  • Reza Bayani,
  • Arash F. Soofi,
  • Muhammad Waseem and
  • Saeed D. Manshadi

6 October 2022

Transportation electrification is a pivotal factor in accelerating the transition to sustainable energy. Electric vehicles (EVs) can operate either as loads or distributed power resources in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) linkage....

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
10,422 Views
23 Pages

Influence of Battery Energy, Charging Power, and Charging Locations upon EVs’ Ability to Meet Trip Needs

  • Willett Kempton,
  • Nathaniel S. Pearre,
  • Randall Guensler and
  • Vetri V. Elango

21 February 2023

One year of high-resolution driving data from a sample of 333 instrumented gasoline passenger vehicles are used to create a trip inventory of U.S. vehicle travel requirements. A set of electric vehicles (EVs) is modeled, differing in battery size (kW...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
1,919 Views
8 Pages

27 December 2013

Developing electric vehicles (EVs) has been chosen as national strategy as solution to energy security and urban air pollution by China. China has invested much to develop electric vehicle technologies. In past 15 years, the EVs technologies have imp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,260 Views
7 Pages

Efficiency Improvement of Regenerative Energy for an EV

  • Takuya Yabe,
  • Kan Akatsu,
  • Nobunori Okui,
  • Tetsuya Niikuni and
  • Terunao Kawai

Electric Vehicles (EVs) and various Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) have been attracting a lot of attention for environmental issues and energy crisis. One of advantages of using foregoing vehicles is charging energy by the regenerative brake. The ru...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,641 Views
11 Pages

The transition to sustainable mobility is one of the most pressing and complex challenges for the automotive industry, with impacts that extend beyond the mere reduction of emissions. Electric vehicles, while at the center of this evolution, raise qu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,385 Views
6 Pages

The EV Everywhere Grand Challenge

  • James F. Miller and
  • David Howell

27 December 2013

In March 2012, President Obama announced the EV Everywhere Grand Challenge—to produce plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) as affordable and convenient for the American family as gasoline-powered vehicles by 2022. The U.S. Department of Energy developed...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
13,178 Views
17 Pages

Fire Incidents, Trends, and Risk Mitigation Framework of Electrical Vehicle Cars in Australia

  • Md Kamrul Hassan,
  • Nazra Hameed,
  • Md Delwar Hossain,
  • Md Rayhan Hasnat,
  • Grahame Douglas,
  • Sameera Pathirana,
  • Payam Rahnamayiezekavat and
  • Swapan Saha

21 August 2023

Electric Vehicles (EVs) offer a promising solution to reduce the environmental impact compared to internal combustion engine vehicles. However, EV adoption in Australia has been hindered by concerns over fire safety. This study aims to comprehensivel...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,562 Views
9 Pages

The main aim of this study is the development of a fast and secure charging system for electric vehicles. Recently, many different charging methods have been introduced. The main charging methods are the induction charging method and the conduction c...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,166 Views
40 Pages

19 July 2022

The automobile sector is a promising avenue for enhancing energy security, economic opportunity, and air quality in India. Before penetrating a large number of electric vehicles (EV) into the power grid, a thorough investigation and assessment of sig...

  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,462 Views
24 Pages

An Updated Review and Outlook on Electric Vehicle Aggregators in Electric Energy Networks

  • Morteza Nazari-Heris,
  • Mehdi Abapour and
  • Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo

26 November 2022

Electric vehicles (EVs) are predicted to be highly integrated into future smart grids considering their significant role in achieving a safe environment and sustainable transportation. The charging/discharging flexibility of EVs, which can be aggrega...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
10,421 Views
20 Pages

1 April 2016

Electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers are using cylindrical format cells as part of the vehicle’s rechargeable energy storage system (RESS). In a recent study focused at determining the ageing behavior of 2.2 Ah Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lith...

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