565 Results Found

There were several factors associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) severe acute lower respiratory infection (RSV-sALRI) in infants and young children. It is vital to develop a convenient scoring system to predict RSV-sALRI in children. Pedi...

Introduction: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) can significantly reduce postoperative quality of life and impair the recovery of older adult patients with lower-limb fractures, and its relationship with methods of anesthesia remains inconclusive. Us...

Although several studies have evaluated the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in children, their results were inconsistent Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between short-te...

Vitamin D is an essential component of immune function and childhood deficiency is associated with an increased risk of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs). Globally, the leading childhood respiratory pathogens are Streptococcus pneumoniae, re...

One of the most common indications for antibiotic prescribing in general practice is acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). This study aimed to explore general practitioners’ (GPs’) considerations and experiences when managing patients with...

Objectives: This study sought to determine the epidemiology, seasonal variations, morbidity, and mortality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection in Thailand. In addition, we...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a major etiologic agent of acute lower respiratory infection constitutes the most important cause of death in young children worldwide. Viral/bacterial mixed infections are related to severity of respiratory inflamm...

Human bocavirus (HBoV) has emerged as a significant pathogen primarily associated with respiratory infections in children. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of HBoV infection by quantifying viral loads in nasopharyngeal swabs from h...

Poor vitamin D status has been associated with increased risk and severity of respiratory tract infections. Whether or not inflammation and infection affects 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is controversial and is important in the interp...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) continues as the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children around the world, and its substantial morbidity, particularly among infants and high-risk children, poses a significant burden on h...

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put significant pressure on hospitals and in particular on intensive care units (ICU). Some patients develop acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with profound hypoxia, which likely requ...

When imaging (i.e., chest-x-ray or computed tomography) is used to differentiate between acute bronchitis and pneumonia, many patients are being prescribed antibiotics despite the absence of radiographic pneumonia signs. This study of lower respirato...

To understand the changes in RSV hospitalization burden in children younger than two years following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we reviewed hospital records of children with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) between January 2018 and J...

Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are important global health issues. The pathophysiological links between OSA and LRTIs include altered immune responses due to chronic intermittent hypoxia and sl...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between antihypertensive drugs and the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in patients treated in general practices in Germany. Methods: After propensity score matching of five...

Although it is clinically important for acute respiratory tract (co)infections to have a rapid and accurate diagnosis, it is critical that respiratory medicine understands the advantages of current laboratory methods. In this study, we tested nasopha...

Background: Respiratory infections were found to be connected with the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The proposed pathway of this connection includes inflammation, oxidative stress, pro-coagulation, and atherosclerotic plaque destabiliz...

The study aimed to investigate the aetiological agents and clinical presentations associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) among children under five years old at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana. This was a cross-sectional st...

A European placebo-controlled trial of antibiotic treatment for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) conducted in 16 primary care practices networks recruited participants between November 2007 and April 2010, and found adverse events (AEs) occur...

Background: Little is known about the recent trends in antibiotic and phytopharmaceutical prescribing for acute upper (URIs) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in children and adolescents. Therefore, this study investigated changes in the...

We aimed to clarify the involvement of vitamin D status in virus or atypical pathogens infection in children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). In this retrospective study, 295 patients with ARIs were attacked by a respiratory virus or a singl...

Chronic wet cough for longer than 4 weeks is a hallmark of chronic suppurative lung diseases (CSLD), including protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB), and bronchiectasis in children. Severe lower respiratory infection early in life is a major risk fac...

Background: Ambient air pollution remains a major risk factor for population health worldwide. The impact of PM2.5 air pollution is underestimated in sub-Saharan Africa due to a lack of epidemiological studies. AirQ+ is proposed to reduce these inequ...

Background: The goal of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of patient and physician related variables associated with antibiotic prescriptions in patients diagnosed with acute lower and upper respiratory tract infections (ALURTI), treat...

Chronic periodontitis (CP) may increase the risk of exacerbation of and hospitalization for respiratory infections. The aim of the present study was to determine whether CP is associated with acute respiratory infections by analyzing a population-bas...

Background/Objectives: Vitamin D is known to decrease the risk of contracting respiratory infections and developing exacerbations for children with asthma. This research evaluates the alterations in serum vitamin D concentrations and examines lung fu...

The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and course of COVID-19 and the risk of an upper respiratory tract infection in a group of people with physically active lifestyles. Data were collected anonymously using an online survey pl...

RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) worldwide [...]

Patients with acute respiratory infections (ARI)—including those with upper and lower respiratory infections from both bacterial and viral pathogens—are one of the most common reasons for acute deterioration, with large numbers of potenti...

Nowadays, most of the research on air pollution and its adverse effects on public health in China has focused on megacities and heavily-polluted regions. Fewer studies have focused on cities that are slightly polluted. Shenzhen used to have a favorab...

Acute and chronic lower airway disease still represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale. With the steady rise of multidrug-resistant respiratory pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, we are rap...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was increased interest in the issue of thrombotic complications of acute respiratory infections. Clinical reports and pathological studies have revealed that thrombus formation in COVID-19 may involve the venous an...

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of salivary swabs (SS) to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been implemented and widely studied in adults and children. However, the role of SS in detecting other common respiratory viruses in children is...

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children. However, the clinical impact of RSV co-infection with other respiratory viruses remains unclear. This study investigates the frequenc...

Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) contribute to mortality in children ≤5 years. Their microbiological aetiologies are often unknown and may be exacerbated in light of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). This study reports on respiratory pa...

Background: Acute viral respiratory tract infections constitute a significant challenge in pediatric healthcare globally, with rhinovirus representing one of the primary etiological agents. In this context, we conducted a study with the objective of...

SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) causes a variety of responses in those who contract the virus, ranging from asymptomatic infections to acute respiratory failure and death. While there are likely multiple mechanisms trigge...

Little information is available on the assessment of health impact concerning the Middle Eastern dust storms and PM10 concentration levels despite the aridity of the region and frequent dust storms occurring in this part of the world. A prospective s...

Background and objective: The noncompliance of treatment guidelines by healthcare professionals, along with physiological variations, makes the pediatric population more prone to antibiotic prescribing errors. The present study aims to evaluate the p...

Human coronavirus (HCoV)-NL63 is an important contributor to upper and lower respiratory tract infections, mainly in children, while severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19, can cause lower resp...

Purpose: This study assesses the potential acute effects of heatwaves on human morbidities in primary care settings. Methods: We performed a time-stratified case-crossover study to assess the acute effects of heatwaves on selected morbidities in prim...

Background: Lower airway diseases in children are one of the major causes of hospitalisation. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of children admitted to a tertiary pediatric hospital diagnosed with lower airway disease and to identify d...

Several studies have highlighted the importance of the gut microbiota in developing immunity against viral infections in chickens. We have previously shown that H9N2 avian influenza A virus (AIV) infection retards the diversity of the natural colon-a...

We evaluated the effect of macrolide-resistant mutations in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae 23S rRNA gene on the severity of lower respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent young adults treated at the Smolensk Military Hospital between 25 Octobe...

Respiratory viruses are widespread in the community, affecting both the upper and lower respiratory tract. This review provides an updated synthesis of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical impact, and management of severe respiratory viral inf...

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection, associated with high morbidity and mortality in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Ini...

Data from EV-D68-infected patients demonstrate that pathological changes in the lower respiratory tract are principally characterized by severe respiratory illness in children and acute flaccid myelitis. However, lack of a suitable animal model for E...

Adenovirus is an important respiratory virus that causes severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Data on its impact in immunocompetent patients are relatively limited. We conducted a territory-wide retrospective study on adult patients hospita...

The investigation of respiratory infections by molecular techniques provides important information about the epidemiology of respiratory disease, especially during the post-vaccination era. The objective of the present study was the detection of b...

Bird Fancier’s Lung (BFL) is a rare, nonatopic immunologic response to repeated or intense inhalation of avian (bird) proteins/antigens found in the feathers or droppings of many species of birds, which leads to an immune-mediated inflammatory...