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Keywords = bioalteration

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14 pages, 2139 KB  
Article
Effect of Cultivable Bacteria and Fungi on the Limestone Weathering Used in Historical Buildings
by Clarisse Balland-Bolou-Bi, Mandana Saheb, Vanessa Alphonse, Alexandre Livet, Paloma Reboah, Samir Abbad-Andaloussi and Aurélie Verney-Carron
Diversity 2023, 15(5), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050587 - 23 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3183
Abstract
Limestone buildings in urban areas are weathered due to climatic factors, to pollution but also to biological activity. Many studies have focused on microbially-mediated precipitation of calcite but few on their influence on limestone dissolution rates. In this study, a cultivable approach for [...] Read more.
Limestone buildings in urban areas are weathered due to climatic factors, to pollution but also to biological activity. Many studies have focused on microbially-mediated precipitation of calcite but few on their influence on limestone dissolution rates. In this study, a cultivable approach for studying bacterial dissolution of limestone is proposed. The results show, for the first time, that limestone has selected a specific structure in the bacterial communities and that each bacterial class has its own metabolism inducing a different efficiency on the alteration of limestone grains. Cultivable bacterial and fungal strains in our study permit to considerably increase (by 100 to 1,000,000 times) the chemical weathering rates compared to laboratory or field experiments. Individually, the results bring information on the ability to alter limestone by dissolution. Moreover, taken together, a functional ecological adaptation of bacterial and fungal classes to the alteration of the limestone monument has been highlighted. In order to release calcium into solution, these strains slightly acidify the medium and produce low molecular mass organic acids during experiments, especially lactic and oxalic acids. Full article
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13 pages, 1482 KB  
Article
Marine Bacteria Associated with Colonization and Alteration of Plastic Polymers
by Marina Carrasco-Acosta, Marta Santos-Garcia and Pilar Garcia-Jimenez
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 11093; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122111093 - 1 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2259
Abstract
The aim of this work was molecular identification of bacteria associated with marine sand at the drift line, where most plastic debris is deposited, and evaluation of the alteration of plastic polymers by them. Bacterial communities growing on plastic polymer surfaces may differentially [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was molecular identification of bacteria associated with marine sand at the drift line, where most plastic debris is deposited, and evaluation of the alteration of plastic polymers by them. Bacterial communities growing on plastic polymer surfaces may differentially cause surface alteration through exopolysaccharide production. This alteration can be analyzed by changes in spectra regions of colonized polymers compared to uncolonized polymers using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In this study, bacteria located in sand at the drift line above sea water, where microplastics are most abundant, were isolated and identified through 16S rRNA. Six of the identified species produced exopolysaccharides, namely Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, Bacillus sp. Proteus penneri, Alcaligenes faecalis and Myroides gitamensis. These bacteria species were inoculated into plates, each containing two frequently reported types of polymers at the drift line. Specifically, the two types of plastic polymers used were polypropylene and polystyrene spheres in whole and mechanically crushed states. Differences in bacterial growth were reported as inferred from weight increase of polypropylene and polystyrene spheres after 1-year long culture. Results also showed that Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus cereus and Proteus penneri colonized polypropylene spheres and modified spectra regions of FTIR. It is concluded that bacteria located in sand can be considered plastic-altering bacteria as changes in FTIR-spectra of polymers can be related to bioalteration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers into Environmental Microbiology)
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