140 Results Found

Automotive seat comfort is a critical factor in enhancing driver satisfaction, especially in sports cars, where design must balance comfort features and performance-oriented features like lateral containment and anti-submarining. This study adopts an...

The aim of this article is to determine the effect of the biaxial loading of a car seat, in vertical and horizontal directions, on seating comfort. We measured the transfer characteristic in the vertical direction with a free load. The method of labo...

This paper focuses on a thorough summary of vital function measuring methods in vehicles. The focus of this paper is to summarize and compare already existing methods integrated into car seats with the implementation of inter alia capacitive electroc...

The capacitive electrocardiograph (cECG) has been tested for several measurement scenarios, including hospital beds, car seats and chairs since it was first proposed. The inferior signal quality of the cECG compared to the gold standard ECG guides th...

The automotive industry demands high quality at very low prices. To this end, it is necessary to constantly innovate, making processes increasingly competitive, while continuing to ensure high levels of quality. Model diversification has forced the a...

The vehicular market is undergoing a profound transformation that includes a trend toward fully automated driving. When travelling in automated systems, the main task is no longer driving. Therefore, the interior design of automated vehicles requires...

The aim of the study is to compare the head displacement of the KPSIT C50 dummy during a frontal collision at a speed of 20 km/h, along with the change in the angle of the car seat backrest. Passenger car manufacturers recommend setting the backrest...

The number of occasions to stay in a car overnight is increasing during disasters; however, the effects on sleep and the impact on daytime functioning are not well understood. We investigated the effect of seat angle when sleeping in a car and its im...

As the market share of electric vehicles continues to rise, consumer demands for comfort within the vehicle interior have also increased. The noise generated by electric seats during operation has become one of the primary sources of in-cabin noise....

We explored the factors influencing the use of age-appropriate car seats in a community with a high proportion of Aboriginal families in regional New South Wales. We conducted a survey and three focus groups with parents of children aged 3–5 years en...

This study proposes and evaluates a car seat-integrated heat pump as localized air conditioning system for electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed system uses R1234yf and comprises a compressor, microchannel heat exchangers, an electronic expansion val...

A car seat’s function is to support, protect, and make passengers and drivers feel comfortable during a trip. A more uniform pressure distribution and a larger contact area usually provide less discomfort. Consequently, the seat pan’s mat...

Pleasant interior conditions within cars, as well as a comfortable feeling, are primary needs of car drivers to perform vital body functions during driving. In a cooler outer environment, a warming system within seats can quite feasibly maintain a re...

In self-driving vehicles, passengers can set their seats in an unconventional seating position, such as rear-facing. Sitting in such an orientation can increase the risk of whiplash in the head-and-neck system in a frontal impact, as frontal crashes...

The intelligent innovation of child safety seats has brought new impacts and challenges to the Chinese market. Researchers in the car seat industry have been focusing on industry regulations and the abuse of car seats, but there is a lack of consumer...

Suboptimal compliance with child restraint system (CRS) recommendations can increase risk for injury or death in a motor vehicle crash. The purpose of this study was to examine scenarios associated with incomplete CRS use and non-use in children ages...

Polyurethane foam is widely used as a primary filling material in car seats. While it provides good damping and energy absorption, the mechanical properties are complex but play a vital role in vibration attenuation and vehicle ride comfort. This stu...

In the literature the value of the driver’s head acceleration has been widely used as an objective function for the modification of the suspension and/or the seat characteristics in order to optimize the ride comfort of a vehicle. For these opt...

This study investigates the perception of postural discomfort experienced by passengers seated in the middle rear seat of a vehicle—an area often overlooked in ergonomic research. A total of 20 participants (12 males and 8 females) were involve...

This article presents the results of an experimental study focused on evaluating the potential to harvest electrical energy from vertical vibrations affecting a child car seat installed on an ISOFIX base with a support leg during real driving conditi...

This study presents a comparison of the common Child Restraint Systems (CRS) which reduces the value of dynamic loads affecting the child’s body during car accidents. The analyzed systems were: child seats, booster seats, and straps—adjus...

This study proposes and simulates a smart system that can be used in production car seats to decrease whiplash risk in rear-end crashes. A sliding seat incorporating a semiactively controlled magnetorheological (MR) damper model positioned under the...

A bio-radar system is presented for vital signs acquisition, using textile antennas manufactured with a continuous substrate that integrates the ground plane. Textile antennas were selected to be used in the RF (Radio Frequency) front-end, rather tha...

This review provides an overview of unobtrusive monitoring techniques that could be used to monitor some of the human vital signs (i.e., heart activity, breathing activity, temperature and potentially oxygen saturation) in a car seat. It will be show...

This paper aimed to study the behavior of a body (dummy) that was in a race car in the event of a frontal collision with a wall in order to see what loads were acting on the dummy. Based on a complex car model, equipped with two safety system seat be...

The incorrect use of child car seats is common, with significant negative effects on crash protection for child passengers. There is currently little evidence for effective, practical countermeasures for incorrect use. The provision of clear and comp...

Most countries have active road safety policies that seek the objective of reducing deaths in traffic accidents. One of the main factors in this regard is the awareness of the safety measures, one of the most important being the correct usage of the...

The current design paradigm of car cabin components assumes seats aligned with the driving direction. All passengers are aligned with the driver that, until recently, was the only element in charge of controlling the vehicle. The new paradigm of self...

In this paper, an integrated model of a semi-active seat suspension with a human model over a quarter is presented. The proposed eight-degrees of freedom (8-DOF) integrated model consists of 2-DOF for the quarter car model, 2-DOF for the semi-active...

The structure of car seats is becoming increasingly complex, with mixing of wire conformation and plastic injection. The plastic over-molding process implies some labor, which can be reduced if novel solutions are applied in this manufacturing area....

Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic (LFT) is a lightweight, high-strength, and easy-to-recycle new vehicle composite material, and has good mechanical properties, heat resistance, and weather resistance, which has found increasing application in auto...

Ubiquitous technology lets us work in flexible and decentralised ways. Passengers can already use travel time to be productive, and we envision even better performance and experience in vehicles with emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR...

The Forgotten Baby Syndrome (FBS), the accidental abandonment of infants in vehicles, continues to result in otherwise preventable tragedies worldwide. This work presents a prototype system called SafeCuddle, designed to mitigate the risks associated...

In this study, to establish the biomechanical characteristics of commercial vehicle drivers’ muscles and bones while operating the three pedals, a driver pedal-operation simulator was built, and the real-life situation was reconstructed in Open...

This study characterizes extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field (MF) levels in 10 car models. Extensive measurements were conducted in three diesel, four gasoline, and three hybrid cars, under similar controlled conditions and negligible backgr...

Sound environments in cars are becoming quieter and receiving attention because of the prevalence of low-noise engines such as hybrid and electric engines and the manifestation of automated driving. Although the car cabin has potential as a listening...

This paper provides insights into where and how to integrate textile inductive electrodes into a car to record optimal-quality respiratory signals. Electrodes of various shapes and sizes were integrated into the seat belt and the seat back of a drivi...

The comfort level of the human occupant inside a dynamic vehicle is dependent on the level of vibration generated inside the different segments of the human body. Some technologies have been developed to provide the final level of vibration inside an...

An essential element for driver safety is represented by the Impact Attenuator (especially for race cars). The effect of the Impact Attenuator can be seen in the behavior of a dummy, tied with a seat belt, in a frontal collision with a rigid wall. Th...

Polyester is currently the main material used for the manufacture of safety belts used in car transport for the protection of passengers and the driver. The seat belt is the main passive safety element used in vehicle engineering. In this work, the b...

This work studies the feasibility of reducing the temperature in an electric car cabin through a ventilation device. The temperature and velocity fields in the cabin were simultaneously solved for through CFD means. Current results show that most of...

This paper introduces and evaluates an innovative sensor for unobtrusive in-car respiration monitoring, mounted on the backrest of the driver’s seat. The sensor seamlessly integrates into the vehicle, measuring breathing rates continuously with...

Car safety can be enhanced by enabling the Airbag Control Unit (ACU) to adaptively deploy different charges based on the occupant’s position once the crash occurs. In this context, monitoring the occupant’s position using a sensorized sea...

Car buyers today are very demanding customers and pay great attention to the quality of purchased goods. They are interested in the quality of the interior as well, for example, the car seats. To avoid customer complaints, the manufacturer needs a so...

A woven textile capacitive sensor array fully integrated on a car seat is presented to detect the driver’s position. The sensor array consists of two planar interdigital capacitive sensors located on the base and the backrest of the seat. With...

This study aimed to investigate associations between demographic, anthropometric and vehicle factors and the fit of adult seat belts in children aged 7–12 years in passenger vehicles. Seat belt fit was assessed by inspection of 7–12-year-...

Childhood death from vehicle crashes and the delivery of information about proper child restraint systems (CRS) use continues to be a critical public health issue. Safe Seat, a sequential, mixed-methods study identified gaps in parental knowledge abo...

The ride comfort provided by a vehicle to the driver and the passengers is an important feature, directly correlated to the technical characteristics of the suspension system of the vehicle. In the literature, several lumped-parameter models simulati...

Many car drivers in Malaysia, especially young drivers, ignore the importance of wearing seat belts. This questionnaire study employed an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) by including habit as a new construct to explain the f...

When driving on roads, the most important issue for driving is safety. There are various vehicles, including cars, motorcycles, bicycles, and pedestrians, that increase the complexity of road conditions and the burden on drivers. In order to improve...