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Electronics
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Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions
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Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2024 | Viewed by 4713

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Seung-Hoon Hwang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
Interests: wireless communication (5G/6G); internet of things (V2X, Positioning), spectrum engineering, optical wireless communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Oh-Soon Shin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
Interests: communication systems; wireless communications; signal processing for communications; full-duplex radio; massive MIMO; non-orthogonal multiple access; unmanned aerial vehicle communications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Junsu Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronics Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: radio resource management for mobile communication systems (5G/6G); intelligent cognitive radio; physical layer security; intelligent reflecting surface

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

6G is expected to be the next major leap in wireless technology, pushing the boundaries of connectivity and enabling innovative applications beyond the capabilities of 5G. In line with these advancements, we are pleased to announce a call for papers for this Special Issue on “Emerging Innovative Technologies in Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions.” This Special Issue aims to explore the latest advancements, challenges, and potential solutions in the field of telecommunication brought about by emerging innovative technologies. We welcome original research papers and review articles that contribute to the advancement of knowledge surrounding emerging innovative technologies in telecommunication. Submissions should present novel ideas, theoretical insights, practical implementations, or experimental results related to the Special Issue's theme.

Papers submitted to this Special Issue may cover various topics related to emerging innovative technologies in telecommunication, including but not limited to:

  • Novel communication and network architectures for 6G;
  • Integration of emerging technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, or block chain, with telecommunication systems;
  • Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in telecommunication;
  • Positioning technologies in telecommunication;
  • Security and privacy challenges and solutions in next-generation telecommunication networks;
  • Network optimization and resource management techniques for 6G;
  • Spectrum-efficient technologies in telecommunication;
  • Sustainable and energy-efficient telecommunication technologies.

Prof. Dr. Seung-Hoon Hwang
Prof. Dr. Oh-Soon Shin
Dr. Junsu Kim
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 2167 KiB  
Article
A Highly Flexible Passive/Active Discrete-Time Delta-Sigma Receiver
by Minh Tien Nguyen, Chadi Jabbour, Karim Ben Kalaia, Hanh-Phuc Le, Ngoc Nguyen and Van-Tam Nguyen
Electronics 2024, 13(7), 1295; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071295 - 30 Mar 2024
Viewed by 457
Abstract
This paper presents a fourth-order discrete-time direct RF-to-digital Delta-Sigma receiver architecture for flexible receivers with a wide frequency range. The use of a current-driven passive mixer with RF feedback enables high-Q bandpass filtering and relaxes the linearity requirement of the RF amplifier. In [...] Read more.
This paper presents a fourth-order discrete-time direct RF-to-digital Delta-Sigma receiver architecture for flexible receivers with a wide frequency range. The use of a current-driven passive mixer with RF feedback enables high-Q bandpass filtering and relaxes the linearity requirement of the RF amplifier. In addition, the reconfigurable passive/active loop filter offers a good compromise between power consumption, linearity, and dynamic range. The other important feature of the proposed architecture is the use of a sampling frequency that is a divisor of the LO frequency. This solves several problems such as the upmixing of quantization noise, the need to reconfigure the Delta-Sigma loop when changing the LO frequency, and the use of two independent clocks for the LO and the sampling frequency. The circuit was implemented using 65 nm CMOS technology. The I/Q Direct Delta-Sigma receiver has an RF bandwidth of 20 MHz and a sampling frequency of 400 MHz. Measurement results show a very high dynamic range of up to 80 dB with a peak SNDR of 46 dB for a power consumption of 46 mW at 800 MHz. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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12 pages, 2333 KiB  
Article
On the Performance of Partial LIS for 6G Systems
by Mário Marques da Silva, Ali Gashtasbi, Rui Dinis, Gelson Pembele, Américo Correia and João Guerreiro
Electronics 2024, 13(6), 1035; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13061035 - 10 Mar 2024
Viewed by 971
Abstract
One of the key technologies of 6G communications relies on large intelligent surfaces (LIS), which can be viewed as a near-field beamformer that is supportive of extremely high symbol rates and enables a high level of interference avoidance. This article focuses on LIS [...] Read more.
One of the key technologies of 6G communications relies on large intelligent surfaces (LIS), which can be viewed as a near-field beamformer that is supportive of extremely high symbol rates and enables a high level of interference avoidance. This article focuses on LIS systems, analysing the impact of the use of a whole LIS system or a subset of an antenna array. We analyse an LIS system associated with a single carrier with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE), and with different receiver types of varying complexities. Because it is a function of the number of antennas, the computational complexity decreases when antenna elements that are closer to the user equipment are used instead of the whole LIS. Moreover, with a partial LIS, a reduction of energy consumption is achieved, and mitigation of the interference levels is obtained, allowing a performance very close to that obtained with the whole LIS system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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19 pages, 6671 KiB  
Article
Exploration- and Exploitation-Driven Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Active SLAM in Unknown Indoor Environments
by Shengmin Zhao and Seung-Hoon Hwang
Electronics 2024, 13(5), 999; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13050999 - 6 Mar 2024
Viewed by 633
Abstract
This study proposes a solution for Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (Active SLAM) of robots in unknown indoor environments using a combination of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) path planning and the Cartographer algorithm. To enhance the convergence speed of the DDPG network [...] Read more.
This study proposes a solution for Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (Active SLAM) of robots in unknown indoor environments using a combination of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) path planning and the Cartographer algorithm. To enhance the convergence speed of the DDPG network and minimize collisions with obstacles, we devised a unique reward function that integrates exploration and exploitation strategies. The exploration strategy allows the robot to achieve the shortest running time and movement trajectory, enabling efficient traversal of unmapped environments. Moreover, the exploitation strategy introduces active closed loops to enhance map accuracy. We conducted experiments using the simulation platform Gazebo to validate our proposed model. The experimental results demonstrate that our model surpasses other Active SLAM methods in exploring and mapping unknown environments, achieving significant grid completeness of 98.7%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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14 pages, 7201 KiB  
Article
WhistleGAN for Biomimetic Underwater Acoustic Covert Communication
by Yongcheol Kim, Seunghwan Seol, Hojun Lee, Geunho Park and Jaehak Chung
Electronics 2024, 13(5), 964; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13050964 - 2 Mar 2024
Viewed by 618
Abstract
This paper proposes a whistle-generative adversarial network (WhistleGAN) that generates whistles for biomimetic underwater covert acoustic communication. The proposed method generates new whistles to maintain covertness by avoiding the repetitive use of the same whistles. Since the human ear perceives octave frequency such [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a whistle-generative adversarial network (WhistleGAN) that generates whistles for biomimetic underwater covert acoustic communication. The proposed method generates new whistles to maintain covertness by avoiding the repetitive use of the same whistles. Since the human ear perceives octave frequency such that low-frequency resolution is relatively larger than that of low frequencies, the proposed WhistleGAN uses mel filter banks to keep the fidelity in mimicking while reducing the complexity. The mean opinion score test verified that the whistles generated by the proposed method and the recorded real whistles have a similar score of 4.3, and the computer simulations proved that the bit error rate performance of the proposed method is the same as that of the real whistle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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14 pages, 1300 KiB  
Article
Hybrid FSO/RF Communications in Space–Air–Ground Integrated Networks: A Reduced Overhead Link Selection Policy
by Petros S. Bithas, Hector E. Nistazakis, Athanassios Katsis and Liang Yang
Electronics 2024, 13(4), 806; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13040806 - 19 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 607
Abstract
Space–air–ground integrated network (SAGIN) is considered an enabler for sixth-generation (6G) networks. By integrating terrestrial and non-terrestrial (satellite, aerial) networks, SAGIN seems to be a quite promising solution to provide reliable connectivity everywhere and all the time. Its availability can be further enhanced [...] Read more.
Space–air–ground integrated network (SAGIN) is considered an enabler for sixth-generation (6G) networks. By integrating terrestrial and non-terrestrial (satellite, aerial) networks, SAGIN seems to be a quite promising solution to provide reliable connectivity everywhere and all the time. Its availability can be further enhanced if hybrid free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) links are adopted. In this paper, the performance of a hybrid FSO/RF communication system operating in SAGIN has been analytically evaluated. In the considered system, a high-altitude platform station (HAPS) is used to forward the satellite signal to the ground station. Moreover, the FSO channel model assumed takes into account the turbulence, pointing errors, and path losses, while for the RF links, a relatively new composite fading model has been considered. In this context, a new link selection scheme has been proposed that is designed to reduced the signaling overhead required for the switching operations between the RF and FSO links. The analytical framework that has been developed is based on the Markov chain theory. Capitalizing on this framework, the performance of the system has been investigated using the criteria of outage probability and the average number of link estimations. The numerical results presented reveal that the new selection scheme offers a good compromise between performance and complexity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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Review

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23 pages, 564 KiB  
Review
Joint Radar, Communication, and Integration of Beamforming Technology
by Khurshid Hussain and Inn-Yeal Oh
Electronics 2024, 13(8), 1531; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13081531 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 971
Abstract
In this paper, we dive into the exciting world of wireless communication, focusing on how millimeter-wave technology and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output phased array antennas are shaping the future of 5G and the upcoming 6G technologies. We cover the latest advancements in millimeter-wave and beamforming [...] Read more.
In this paper, we dive into the exciting world of wireless communication, focusing on how millimeter-wave technology and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output phased array antennas are shaping the future of 5G and the upcoming 6G technologies. We cover the latest advancements in millimeter-wave and beamforming technologies, emphasizing their role in enhancing network security and efficiency in automotive vehicles through dual radar communication. Our discussion spans the benefits, applications, challenges, and solutions of these technologies individually from millimeter-wave to beamforming technologies and joint radar communications, alongside a look at their theoretical and practical implementations. We emphasize the integration of beamforming technology in joint radar communications for future automotive vehicles and its impact on automotive systems, smart cities, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Looking ahead, we discuss the potential of these technologies to transform future technology landscapes while also addressing the security implications of merging communication and radar capabilities. This paper aims to provide a clear view of the advancements and prospects of millimeter-wave, beamforming, and dual radar communication technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Innovative Technologies in 6G Telecommunication: Challenges and Solutions)
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