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Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection
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Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1529

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ofir Degani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Plant Science, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
2. Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
Interests: biological control; chemical control; crop protection; field studies; maize late wilt disease; plant disease; plant host–pathogen interactions; plant microflora
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungi are the largest group of plant pathogens, infecting hosts through leaves, seeds, and the soil. These pathogens inflict significant damage on crops through various methods of attack, leading to reduced global production and the ongoing need for new control strategies. The comprehensive approach to managing these crop diseases relies on deeply understanding the fungi involved, the susceptible growth phases, and the environmental conditions that influence disease development. Public concerns about using synthetic chemicals and the emergence of fungicide-resistant fungal strains have led to a pressing need to explore alternative, environmentally friendly methods. This collection seeks papers exploring recent innovations and scientific advancements in fungal diseases affecting plants and their impact on modern agriculture. This includes consideration of non-pathogenic fungi associated with plants, which may influence the onset and severity of diseases. Enhancing our understanding of this research area will yield practical benefits and essential data for future investigations.

Dr. Ofir Degani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biocontrol
  • crop protection
  • diagnosis
  • disease resistance
  • endophytes
  • fungicides
  • integrated disease management
  • pest control
  • plant health
  • host–pathogen interactions

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5433 KiB  
Article
Biological Control of Root Rot of Strawberry by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strains CMS5 and CMR12
by Ruixian Yang, Ping Liu, Wenyu Ye, Yuquan Chen, Daowei Wei, Cuicui Qiao, Bingyi Zhou and Jingyao Xiao
J. Fungi 2024, 10(6), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10060410 - 6 Jun 2024
Viewed by 202
Abstract
Strawberry root rot caused by Fusarium solani is one of the main diseases of strawberries and significantly impacts the yield and quality of strawberry fruit. Biological control is becoming an alternative method for the control of plant diseases to replace or decrease the [...] Read more.
Strawberry root rot caused by Fusarium solani is one of the main diseases of strawberries and significantly impacts the yield and quality of strawberry fruit. Biological control is becoming an alternative method for the control of plant diseases to replace or decrease the application of traditional chemical fungicides. To obtain antagonistic bacteria with a high biocontrol effect on strawberry root rot, over 72 rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from the strawberry rhizosphere soil and screened for their antifungal activity against F. solani by dual culture assay. Among them, strains CMS5 and CMR12 showed the strongest inhibitory activity against F. solani (inhibition rate 57.78% and 65.93%, respectively) and exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity. According to the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA and gyrB genes, CMS5 and CMR12 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Lipopeptide genes involved in surfactin, iturin, and fengycin biosynthesis were detected in the DNA genomes of CMS5 and CMR12 by PCR amplification. The genes related to the three major lipopeptide metabolites existed in the DNA genome of strains CMS5 and CMR12, and the lipopeptides could inhibit the mycelial growth of F. solani and resulted in distorted hyphae. The inhibitory rates of lipopeptides of CMS5 and CMR12 on the spore germination of F. solani were 61.00% and 42.67%, respectively. The plant-growth-promoting (PGP) traits in vitro screening showed that CMS5 and CMR12 have the ability to fix nitrogen and secreted indoleacetic acid (IAA). In the potting test, the control efficiency of CMS5, CMR12 and CMS5+CMR12 against strawberry root rot were 65.3%, 67.94% and 88.00%, respectively. Furthermore, CMS5 and CMR12 enhanced the resistance of strawberry to F. solani by increasing the activities of defense enzymes MDA, CAT and SOD. Moreover, CMS5 and CMR12 significantly promoted the growth of strawberry seedlings such as root length, seedling length and seedling fresh weight. This study revealed that B. amyloliquefaciens CMS5 and CMR12 have high potential to be used as biocontrol agents to control strawberry root rot. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection)
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20 pages, 4569 KiB  
Article
Contrasting Performance of Two Winter Wheat Varieties Susceptible to Leaf Rust under Diverse Pathogen Pressure, Fungicide Application, and Cultivation Practices
by Radivoje Jevtić, Vesna Župunski, Dragan Živančev, Emilija Arsov, Sasa Mitrev, Ljupco Mihajlov and Branka Orbović
J. Fungi 2024, 10(6), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10060401 - 2 Jun 2024
Viewed by 238
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between yield, thousand kernel weight (TKW), and crude protein of soft white winter wheat–club variety (Barbee) and soft white winter wheat common variety (Zvezdana) susceptible to leaf rust and powdery mildew under different cultivation practices. Results revealed divergence [...] Read more.
This study investigated the relationship between yield, thousand kernel weight (TKW), and crude protein of soft white winter wheat–club variety (Barbee) and soft white winter wheat common variety (Zvezdana) susceptible to leaf rust and powdery mildew under different cultivation practices. Results revealed divergence in associations between yield, TKW, and crude protein loss of winter wheat varieties susceptible to obligate pathogens. Under the same level of leaf rust infection, N-input limited yield loss of the two varieties but not to the same extent. TKW loss was affected only by variety×cultivation practice and was significantly correlated with yield loss (r = −0.727, p = 0.011) and crude protein loss (r = −0.600, p = 0.05) only in club winter wheat. We suspected that Ninput affects the difference in the relationship between yield and TKW loss among varieties. Crude protein and yield loss had a low association (R2 = 18%, p = 0.05). Finally, this study indicated that more attention should be paid to the determination of pathogen pressure that triggers yield loss. It also pointed out that yield, TKW, and crude protein response to fungicides could differ in susceptible varieties. The contribution of fungicide to yield enhancement was highly associated with the specific reaction of the variety to pathogen infection rather than solely the disease level itself. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection)
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17 pages, 16504 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis of Trichoderma polysporum Infection in Avena fatua L. Leaves before and after Infection
by Haixia Zhu and Yushan He
J. Fungi 2024, 10(5), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10050346 - 13 May 2024
Viewed by 668
Abstract
Biological control is a scientific management method used in modern agricultural production, and microbially derived biopesticides are one effective method with which to control weeds in agricultural fields. In order to determine the key genes for weed control by Trichoderma polysporum, transcriptome [...] Read more.
Biological control is a scientific management method used in modern agricultural production, and microbially derived biopesticides are one effective method with which to control weeds in agricultural fields. In order to determine the key genes for weed control by Trichoderma polysporum, transcriptome sequencing was carried out by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the strains of T. polysporum HZ-31 infesting Avena fatua L. at 24, 48, and 72 h were used as the experimental group, with 0 h as the control group. A total of 690,713,176 clean reads were obtained, and the sequencing results for each experimental group and the control group (0 h) were analyzed. In total, 3464 differentially expressed genes were found after 24 h of infection with the pathogen, including 1283 down-regulated genes and 2181 up-regulated genes. After 48 h of infection, the number of differentially expressed genes was 3885, of which 2242 were up-regulated and 1643 were down-regulated. The number of differentially expressed genes after 72 h of infection was the highest among all the groups, with 4594 differentially expressed genes, of which 2648 were up-regulated and 1946 were down-regulated. The up-regulated genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG, and the results showed that the up-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; the degradation of aromatic compounds; methane metabolism; and other pathways. Among them, the PHA2, GDH, ADH2, and AROF genes were significantly enriched in the above-mentioned pathways, so they were hypothesized to play an important role in the synthesis of the herbicidally active substances of T. polysporum HZ-31. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the pathogenicity of T. polysporum to A. fatua L., and accelerate the development and utilization of new and efficient bioherbicides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection)
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