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Ceramics
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Advances in Electronic Ceramics
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Advances in Electronic Ceramics

A special issue of Ceramics (ISSN 2571-6131).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 8185

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dawei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Interests: ferroelectric; piezoelectric; dielectric; electroceramics; MLCC; LTCC
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Fayaz Hussain

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering&Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Interests: functional materials; multiferroics; electroceramics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electronic ceramics are characterized by their unique properties, making them indispensable in various applications, including integrated circuits, microwave communication, packaging ceramics, energy storage, energy generation, and optoelectronics. In recent years, electronic ceramics have undergone significant developments driven by the increasing demands of modern technology.

These advances have profoundly impacted various industries, as electronic ceramics have become fundamental components of a wide range of electronic devices.

These advancements are underpinned by a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between processing, structure, microstructure, and properties. By intentionally introducing dopants into pristine materials, researchers can precisely manipulate the band structure of electronic ceramics, enabling fine-tuned control and customization of their properties. To further foster the growth of electronic ceramics and address current and future challenges in the field, a Special Issue titled "Advanced in Electronic Ceramics" has been launched. This dedicated platform focuses on topics such as synthesis procedures, crystal structures, and the functional characteristics of electronic ceramics. It aims to facilitate the progression of electronic ceramics and their pivotal role in the ever-evolving landscape of technology.

Prof. Dr. Dawei Wang
Prof. Dr. Fayaz Hussain
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Ceramics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • powder synthesis
  • ceramic processing
  • electronic ceramics
  • piezoelectric ceramics
  • ferroelectric ceramics
  • dielectric ceramics
  • thermoelectric ceramics
  • multiferroic ceramics
  • ceramics for energy storage
  • ceramics for energy harvesting

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2056 KiB  
Article
Origin of Temperature Coefficient of Resonance Frequency in Rutile Ti1−xZrxO2 Microwave Ceramics
by Izaz Khan, Aneela Khan, Raz Muhammad, Minmin Mao, Dandan Han, Kaixin Song, Wen Lei and Dawei Wang
Ceramics 2024, 7(2), 698-711; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020046 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 290
Abstract
In this study, we report the effect of Zr4+ doping on the optical energy gap and microwave dielectric properties of rutile TiO2. Rietveld analysis explicitly confirmed that Zr4+ occupies the octahedral site, forming a single-phase tetragonal structure below the [...] Read more.
In this study, we report the effect of Zr4+ doping on the optical energy gap and microwave dielectric properties of rutile TiO2. Rietveld analysis explicitly confirmed that Zr4+ occupies the octahedral site, forming a single-phase tetragonal structure below the solubility limit (x < 0.10). Notably, at x = 0.025, a significant enhancement in Q × fo was observed. This enhancement was attributed to the reduction in dielectric loss, associated with a decrease in oxygen vacancies and a lower concentration of Ti3+ paramagnetic centers. This conclusion was supported by Raman and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. The origin of high τf in rutile Ti1−xZrxO2 is explained on the basis of the octahedral distortion/tetragonality ratio, covalency, and bond strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
9 pages, 3570 KiB  
Article
Nanosized Tungsten Powder Synthesized Using the Nitridation–Decomposition Method
by Qing-Yin He, Ben-Li Zhao and Shi-Kuan Sun
Ceramics 2024, 7(2), 680-688; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020044 - 11 May 2024
Viewed by 491
Abstract
A facile, one-step nitridation–decomposition method was developed for the synthesis of nanosized tungsten powder with a high surface area. This approach involved the nitridation of WO3 in NH3 to form mesoporous tungsten nitride (W2N), followed by in situ decomposition [...] Read more.
A facile, one-step nitridation–decomposition method was developed for the synthesis of nanosized tungsten powder with a high surface area. This approach involved the nitridation of WO3 in NH3 to form mesoporous tungsten nitride (W2N), followed by in situ decomposition of W2N to directly yield single-phase W particles. The phase and morphology evolution during the synthesis were systematically investigated and compared with the carbothermal reduction of WO3. It was revealed that powdered tungsten product with single-phase particles was obtained after nitridation at 800 °C combined with in situ decomposition at 1000 °C, displaying an average particle size of 15 nm and a large specific surface area of 6.52 m2/g. Furthermore, the proposed method avoided the limitations associated with intermediate phase formation and coarsening observed in carbothermal reduction, which resulted in the growth of W particles up to ~4.4 μm in size. This work demonstrates the potential of the nitridation–decomposition approach for the scalable and efficient synthesis of high-quality, fine-grained tungsten powder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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13 pages, 1960 KiB  
Article
The Origin of the Low-Temperature Minimum of Electrical Resistivity in Strontium Ferromolybdate Ceramics
by Gunnar Suchaneck, Evgenii Artiukh and Gerald Gerlach
Ceramics 2024, 7(2), 491-503; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020032 - 1 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1000
Abstract
In this work, we analyze the electrical behavior of strontium ferromolybdate below room temperature. We demonstrate that in SFMO ceramics, SFMO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition including (100) and (111) textured thin films, as well as in nonstoichiometric SFMO ceramics, an [...] Read more.
In this work, we analyze the electrical behavior of strontium ferromolybdate below room temperature. We demonstrate that in SFMO ceramics, SFMO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition including (100) and (111) textured thin films, as well as in nonstoichiometric SFMO ceramics, an intergrain tunneling mechanism of charge carrier conduction leads to a decrease in resistivity with increasing temperature in the low-temperature region. This intergrain tunneling can be attributed to fluctuation-induced tunneling. On the other hand, bulk metallic resistivity of the grains, which increases with temperature, becomes dominant at higher temperatures and magnetic fluxes. The interplay of these conduction mechanisms leads to a resistivity minimum, i.e., a resistivity upturn below the temperature of minimum resistivity. Several mechanisms have been discussed in the literature to describe the low-temperature upturn in resistivity. Based on available literature data, we propose a revised model describing the appearance of a low-temperature resistivity minimum in SFMO ceramics by an interplay of fluctuation-induced tunneling and metallic conductivity. Additionally, we obtained that in the region of metallic conductivity at higher temperatures and magnetic fluxes, the pre-factor Rm of the temperature-dependent term of metallic conductivity written as a power law decreases exponentially with the temperature exponent m of this power law. Here, the value of m is determined by the charge scattering mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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12 pages, 3362 KiB  
Article
Zero-Temperature Coefficient of Resonant Frequency in [(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02-Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3 Ultra-Low-Loss Composite Dielectrics
by Yuan-Bin Chen and Jie Peng
Ceramics 2024, 7(2), 466-477; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020030 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 853
Abstract
Investigating the microwave dielectric properties of ceramics prepared through the conventional solid-state route, such as x[(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02-(1−x)Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3, reveals notable characteristics. [(Mg0.6 [...] Read more.
Investigating the microwave dielectric properties of ceramics prepared through the conventional solid-state route, such as x[(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02-(1−x)Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3, reveals notable characteristics. [(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02 shows a permittivity (εr) of approximately 20, a high quality factor (Q × f) ranging between 250,000 and 560,000 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) of approximately −65 ppm/°C. To enhance the temperature stability, Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3 featuring a τf value of +374 ppm/°C was incorporated into the [(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02 composition. τf demonstrated an increase with rising Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3 content, reaching zero at x = 0.95. A ceramic composition of 0.95[(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]1.02TiO3.02-0.05Ca0.6(La0.9Y0.1)0.2667TiO3, incorporating 3wt.% BaCu(B2O5) as sintering aids, exhibited outstanding microwave dielectric properties: εr~22.5, Q × f~195,000 (at 9 GHz), and τf~0.1ppm/°C, with a sintering temperature at 950 °C. This material is proposed as a prospective candidate for 6G band components and GPS antennas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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10 pages, 2278 KiB  
Article
Effects of Replacing Co2+ with Zn2+ on the Dielectric Properties of Ba [Zn1/3(Nb1/2Ta1/2)2/3]O3 Ceramics with High Dielectric Constant and High Quality Factor
by Yuan-Bin Chen, Yu Fan, Shiuan-Ho Chang and Shaobing Shen
Ceramics 2024, 7(1), 426-435; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7010027 - 17 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1211
Abstract
In this study, we used solid-state synthesis to prepare Ba[(ZnxCo1−x)1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3 microwave ceramics for mobile communications. Compared with Ba[Zn1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3, in the [...] Read more.
In this study, we used solid-state synthesis to prepare Ba[(ZnxCo1−x)1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3 microwave ceramics for mobile communications. Compared with Ba[Zn1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3, in the prepared materials, Co2+ substitution with Zn2+ improved the Q × f value and enabled densification and sintering at a lower temperature. We used X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the obtained microstructure. Ba[(ZnxCo1−x)1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3 was found to have a 1:2 ordered hexagonal structure, and its Q × f value increased with the increase in sintering temperature. In this work, excellent microwave dielectric properties—τf = −0.7 ppm/°C, εr = 34.5, and Q × f = 110,000 GHz—were obtained by sintering Ba[(Zn0.3Co0.7)1/3(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2/3]O3 at 1400 °C for 5 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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10 pages, 5883 KiB  
Article
Effect of Thickness on Ferroelectric Properties of Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 Thin Films
by Wenfeng Yue, Yali Cai, Quansheng Guo, Dawei Wang and Tingting Jia
Ceramics 2024, 7(1), 29-38; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7010003 - 6 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1519
Abstract
The pursuit of low-power/low-voltage operation in devices has prompted a keen interest in the mesoscale effects within ferroelectric thin films. The downsizing of ferroelectrics can significantly influence performance; for instance, the remanent polarization and coercive field are susceptible to alterations based on thickness. [...] Read more.
The pursuit of low-power/low-voltage operation in devices has prompted a keen interest in the mesoscale effects within ferroelectric thin films. The downsizing of ferroelectrics can significantly influence performance; for instance, the remanent polarization and coercive field are susceptible to alterations based on thickness. In this study, randomly oriented Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 thin films were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates using the sol–gel method, and SEM observations revealed rod-like grains in all thin films. The investigation delved into the correlation between dielectric and ferroelectric properties with thin film thickness. The thin film exhibited an increased remanent polarization and a reduced coercive electric field. Additionally, the ferroelectric domain structure was scrutinized through PFM, and the resistor properties of the BLT4 thin film were studied, which shows the potential of BLT thin films in non-volatile memory and memristor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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8 pages, 2232 KiB  
Communication
Oxygen-Bonding State and Oxygen-Reduction Reaction Mechanism of Pr0.7Ca0.3Mn1−xCoxO3−d (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)
by Kanghee Jo, Seungjae Lee and Heesoo Lee
Ceramics 2023, 6(4), 2386-2393; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6040146 - 15 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1313
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Co doping on Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−d in the perspective of an oxygen-bonding state change. In all compositions, Pr0.7Ca0.3Mn1−xCoxO3−d (PCMCx, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) showed [...] Read more.
We investigated the effects of Co doping on Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−d in the perspective of an oxygen-bonding state change. In all compositions, Pr0.7Ca0.3Mn1−xCoxO3−d (PCMCx, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) showed an orthorhombic structure, and the lattice gradually contracted with increasing Co content. The doped Co was mostly present as 2+ and 3+, which decreased the average oxidation value of the B site and created oxygen vacancies for charge compensation. However, as the Co content increased, the proportion of Co3+ increased, and the content of oxygen vacancies gradually decreased. In addition, the ratio of adsorbed oxygen in PCMC0.1 was the highest, and the B-O covalency was enhanced. Accordingly, the electrochemical reaction of oxygen with the cathode material in PCMC0.1 could occur most easily, showing the smallest polarization resistance among the Co-doped Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−d. We can confirm the formation of oxygen vacancies via Co doping and the effect of B-O covalency on the oxygen-reduction reaction of Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−d. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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Review

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23 pages, 5735 KiB  
Review
Lead-Free NaNbO3-Based Ceramics for Electrostatic Energy Storage Capacitors
by Sairatun Nesa Soheli, Zhilun Lu, Dongyang Sun and Islam Shyha
Ceramics 2024, 7(2), 712-734; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020047 (registering DOI) - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 792
Abstract
The burgeoning significance of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials, particularly as viable candidates for electrostatic energy storage capacitors in power electronics, has sparked substantial interest. Among these, lead-free sodium niobate (NaNbO3) AFE materials are emerging as eco-friendly and [...] Read more.
The burgeoning significance of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials, particularly as viable candidates for electrostatic energy storage capacitors in power electronics, has sparked substantial interest. Among these, lead-free sodium niobate (NaNbO3) AFE materials are emerging as eco-friendly and promising alternatives to lead-based materials, which pose risks to human health and the environment, attributed to their superior recoverable energy density and dielectric breakdown strength. This review offers an insightful overview of the fundamental principles underlying antiferroelectricity and the applications of AFE materials. It underscores the recent advancements in lead-free NaNbO3-based materials, focusing on their crystal structures, phase transitions, and innovative strategies devised to tailor their electrostatic energy storage performance. Finally, this review delineates the prevailing challenges and envisages future directions in the realm of NaNbO3-based electrostatic energy storage capacitors, with the goal of fostering further advancements in this pivotal field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electronic Ceramics)
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