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Recent Insights into Colorectal Cancer Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 697

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Interests: colorectal cancer; biomarker; immunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incidence of colorectal cancer is rising worldwide, especially in patients aged under fifty. Estimated incidence rates of CRC comprise more than two million new cases and more than one million deaths by the year 2030. Moreover, patients with metastatic disease exhibit even worse survival rates. Despite copious improvements and advances regarding therapeutic approaches, the development of new therapeutic treatment modalities is needed due to recurrence, metastatic formation, and failure of therapy. Patients’ tailored treatment based on the tumors’ molecular and pathological features is common, e.g., anti-EGFR therapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors, but nevertheless, the aim is generally not to cure, but to extend overall survival. Therefore, recent insights into colorectal cancer treatment are of the utmost importance.

With this Special Issue titled “Recent Insights into Colorectal Cancer Treatment”, we want to point out and summarize new treatment approaches for better patient outcomes.

Dr. Fee Klupp
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 896 KiB  
Review
Chemokines as Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Johanna Fellhofer-Hofer, Clemens Franz, Johannes A. Vey, Christoph Kahlert, Eva Kalkum, Arianeb Mehrabi, Niels Halama, Pascal Probst and Fee Klupp
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5374; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105374 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 378
Abstract
Chemokines orchestrate many aspects of tumorigenic processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastatic spread, and related receptors are expressed on tumor cells as well as on inflammatory cells (e.g., tumor-infiltrating T cells, TILs) in the tumor microenvironment. Expressional changes of chemokines and their [...] Read more.
Chemokines orchestrate many aspects of tumorigenic processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastatic spread, and related receptors are expressed on tumor cells as well as on inflammatory cells (e.g., tumor-infiltrating T cells, TILs) in the tumor microenvironment. Expressional changes of chemokines and their receptors in solid cancers are common and well known, especially in affecting colorectal cancer patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this current systematic review and meta-analysis was to classify chemokines as a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer patients. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, CENTRAL and Web of Science. Information on the chemokine expression of 25 chemokines in colorectal cancer tissue and survival data of the patients were investigated. The hazard ratio of overall survival and disease-free survival with chemokine expression was examined. The risk of bias was analyzed using Quality in Prognosis Studies. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the impact on overall respectively disease survival. For this purpose, the pooled hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for calculation. Twenty-five chemokines were included, and the search revealed 5556 publications. A total of thirty-one publications were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Overexpression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 was associated with both a significantly reduced overall survival (HR = 2.70, 95%-CI: 1.57 to 4.66, p = 0.0003) as well as disease-free survival (HR = 2.68, 95%-CI: 1.41 to 5.08, p = 0.0026). All other chemokines showed either heterogeneous results or few studies were available. The overall risk of bias for CXCR4 was rated low. At the current level of evidence, this study demonstrates that CXCR4 overexpression in patients with colorectal cancer is associated with a significantly diminished overall as well as disease-free survival. Summed up, this systematic review and meta-analysis reveals CXCR4 as a promising prognostic biomarker. Nevertheless, more evidence is needed to evaluate CXCR4 and its antagonists serving as new therapeutic targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Insights into Colorectal Cancer Treatment)
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