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Molecular Control of Growth Performance
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Molecular Control of Growth Performance

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 10449

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Oliana Carnevali

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: reproduction; reproductive toxicology; gametes quality; probiotics; microbioma; metabolism; endocrine disruptors; animal welfare
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luisa Dalla Valle

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: steroid hormones and steroid receptors; glucocorticoids; endocrine disease; zebrafish; autophagy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Interests: aquaculture; immunomodulation; feed additives; aquaculture microbiology; microbiome; fish health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interest is increasing regarding the molecular principle behind the complex interactions of signals on the molecular control of metabolic and musculo-skeletal growth processes. Concern is also increasing regarding metabolic aging acting on dysregulation of energy intake, increasing the risk of energy imbalance and micronutrient deficiencies.  

This research topic will focus on positive or negative molecules able to interact with metabolism and growth in model organism or farmed species. Manuscripts (including original research, perspectives, mini-reviews, commentaries and opinion papers) addressing one or more of the following themes are invited:

  • Hormonal control of appetite (orexigenic and anorexigenic signals) central and/or peripheral control;
  • Hormonal control of metabolism and growth;
  • Glucose and insulin as potential mediators of impaired regulation of food intake;
  • Genetic alteration, metabolic aging, and stress affecting metabolism and growth;
  • The effects of nutritional factors (diet, feeding systems, additives, probiotics, prebiotics, micronutrients etc..) on metabolism and growth;
  • Studies of musculo-skeletal growth and anomalies using bio-molecular tools.

Prof. Dr. Oliana Carnevali
Assoc. Prof. Luisa Dalla Valle
Dr. Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolism
  • growth
  • micronutrients
  • feed additives
  • musculo-skeletal growth
  • orexigenic and anorexigenic signals
  • metabolic aging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4672 KiB  
Article
Resveratrol-Mediated Reversal of Doxorubicin-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation
by Sunil Poudel, Gil Martins, M. Leonor Cancela and Paulo J. Gavaia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 15160; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315160 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1760
Abstract
Secondary osteoporosis has been associated with cancer patients undertaking Doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy. However, the molecular mechanisms behind DOX-induced bone loss have not been elucidated. Molecules that can protect against the adverse effects of DOX are still a challenge in chemotherapeutic treatments. We investigated [...] Read more.
Secondary osteoporosis has been associated with cancer patients undertaking Doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy. However, the molecular mechanisms behind DOX-induced bone loss have not been elucidated. Molecules that can protect against the adverse effects of DOX are still a challenge in chemotherapeutic treatments. We investigated the effect and mechanism of DOX in osteoclast differentiation and used the Sirt 1 activator resveratrol (RES) to counteract DOX-induced effects. RAW 264.7 cells were differentiated into osteoclasts under cotreatment with DOX and RES, alone or combined. RES treatment inhibited DOX-induced osteoclast differentiation, reduced the expression of osteoclast fusion marker Oc-stamp and osteoclast differentiation markers Rank, Trap, Ctsk and Nfatc1. Conversely, RES induced the upregulation of antioxidant genes Sod 1 and Nrf 2 while DOX significantly reduced the FoxM1 expression, resulting in oxidative stress. Treatment with the antioxidant MitoTEMPO did not influence DOX-induced osteoclast differentiation. DOX-induced osteoclastogenesis was studied using the cathepsin-K zebrafish reporter line (Tg[ctsk:DsRed]). DOX significantly increased ctsk signal, while RES cotreatment resulted in a significant reduction in ctsk positive cells. RES significantly rescued DOX-induced mucositis in this model. Additionally, DOX-exposed zebrafish displayed altered locomotor behavior and locomotory patterns, while RES significantly reversed these effects. Our research shows that RES prevents DOX-induced osteoclast fusion and activation in vitro and in vivo and reduces DOX-induced mucositis, while improving locomotion parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Control of Growth Performance)
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14 pages, 3101 KiB  
Article
MicroRNA-381 Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Caprine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Targeting PTEN and JAG2
by Jiyuan Shen, Jiqing Wang, Huimin Zhen, Yan Liu, Lu Li, Yuzhu Luo, Jiang Hu, Xiu Liu, Shaobin Li, Zhiyun Hao, Mingna Li and Zhidong Zhao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(21), 13587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113587 - 5 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1664
Abstract
In our previous study, microRNA (miR)-381 was found to be the most down-regulated miRNA in skeletal muscle of Liaoning cashmere goats with higher skeletal muscle mass, but the molecular mechanism involved remains unclear. In this study, primary caprine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) [...] Read more.
In our previous study, microRNA (miR)-381 was found to be the most down-regulated miRNA in skeletal muscle of Liaoning cashmere goats with higher skeletal muscle mass, but the molecular mechanism involved remains unclear. In this study, primary caprine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) were isolated and identified. We investigated the effect of miR-381 on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of caprine SMSCs, and the target relationships of miR-381 with jagged canonical Notch ligand 2 (JAG2) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Cells isolated were positive for SMSC-specific marker protein Pax7. This suggests that purified SMSCs were obtained. The expression level of miR-381 achieved a peak value on day 4 after SMSC differentiation, and miR-381 also significantly increased the expression levels of myogenic differentiation marker genes: myosin heavy chain (MyHC), myogenin (MyoG) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) in differentiated SMSCs, the area of MyHC-positive myotubes and the myogenic index. These findings suggest that miR-381 promoted myogenic differentiation of caprine SMSCs. The CCK8 assay and EDU staining analysis showed that miR-381 mimic both inhibited the viability of SMSCs and decreased the percentage of EDU-labeled positive SMSCs. In contrast, miR-381 inhibitor had the opposite effect with miR-381 mimic. A dual luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-381 can target JAG2 and PTEN by binding to the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of the genes. The transfection of miR-381 mimic into caprine SMSCs resulted in decreases in expression levels of JAG2 and PTEN, while miR-381 inhibitor increased the two target genes in expression. This is the first study to reveal the biological mechanisms by which miR-381 regulates caprine SMSC activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Control of Growth Performance)
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17 pages, 3662 KiB  
Article
Probiotics Enhance Bone Growth and Rescue BMP Inhibition: New Transgenic Zebrafish Lines to Study Bone Health
by Jerry Maria Sojan, Ratish Raman, Marc Muller, Oliana Carnevali and Jörg Renn
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 4748; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094748 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3705
Abstract
Zebrafish larvae, especially gene-specific mutants and transgenic lines, are increasingly used to study vertebrate skeletal development and human pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis and osteoarthritis. Probiotics have been recognized in recent years as a prophylactic treatment for various bone health issues in humans. [...] Read more.
Zebrafish larvae, especially gene-specific mutants and transgenic lines, are increasingly used to study vertebrate skeletal development and human pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis and osteoarthritis. Probiotics have been recognized in recent years as a prophylactic treatment for various bone health issues in humans. Here, we present two new zebrafish transgenic lines containing the coding sequences for fluorescent proteins inserted into the endogenous genes for sp7 and col10a1a with larvae displaying fluorescence in developing osteoblasts and the bone extracellular matrix (mineralized or non-mineralized), respectively. Furthermore, we use these transgenic lines to show that exposure to two different probiotics, Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis, leads to an increase in osteoblast formation and bone matrix growth and mineralization. Gene expression analysis revealed the effect of the probiotics, particularly Bacillus subtilis, in modulating several skeletal development genes, such as runx2, sp7, spp1 and col10a1a, further supporting their ability to improve bone health. Bacillus subtilis was the more potent probiotic able to significantly reverse the inhibition of bone matrix formation when larvae were exposed to a BMP inhibitor (LDN212854). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Control of Growth Performance)
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19 pages, 5699 KiB  
Article
Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone-Induced Metabolic Remodelling Enhances Growth of Gilthead Sea-Bream (Sparus aurata): Insights from Stable Isotopes Composition and Proteomics
by Josefina Blasco, Emilio J. Vélez, Miquel Perelló-Amorós, Sheida Azizi, Encarnación Capilla, Jaume Fernández-Borràs and Joaquim Gutiérrez
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(23), 13107; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313107 - 3 Dec 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2249
Abstract
Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors (GH/IGF axis) regulate somatic growth in mammals and fish, although their action on metabolism is not fully understood in the latter. An intraperitoneal injection of extended-release recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH, Posilac®) was used in [...] Read more.
Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors (GH/IGF axis) regulate somatic growth in mammals and fish, although their action on metabolism is not fully understood in the latter. An intraperitoneal injection of extended-release recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH, Posilac®) was used in gilthead sea bream fingerlings and juveniles to analyse the metabolic response of liver and red and white muscles by enzymatic, isotopic and proteomic analyses. GH-induced lipolysis and glycogenolysis were reflected in liver composition, and metabolic and redox enzymes reported higher lipid use and lower protein oxidation. In white and red muscle reserves, rBGH increased glycogen while reducing lipid. The isotopic analysis of muscles showed a decrease in the recycling of proteins and a greater recycling of lipids and glycogen in the rBGH groups, which favoured a protein sparing effect. The protein synthesis capacity (RNA/protein) of white muscle increased, while cytochrome-c-oxidase (COX) protein expression decreased in rBGH group. Proteomic analysis of white muscle revealed only downregulation of 8 proteins, related to carbohydrate metabolic processes. The global results corroborated that GH acted by saving dietary proteins for muscle growth mainly by promoting the use of lipids as energy in the muscles of the gilthead sea bream. There was a fuel switch from carbohydrates to lipids with compensatory changes in antioxidant pathways that overall resulted in enhanced somatic growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Control of Growth Performance)
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