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Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis

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A special issue of Chemosensors (ISSN 2227-9040). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanostructures for Chemical Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 10862

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Iolanda Cruz Vieira

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Biosensors, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Interests: nanostructured materials; green synthesis; microcystin; cardiac biomarkers; electrochemical immunosensors; enzymatic biosensors; laccase; peroxidase; phenolic compounds; pharmaceutical and food analysis

Dr. Edson Roberto Santana

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Biosensors, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Interests: electroanalysis; modified electrodes; voltammetric techniques; validation of analytical methods; graphene quantum dots; endocrine disruptors; (bi)metallic nanoparticles; environmental monitoring; food analysis

Dr. João Paulo Winiarski

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Biosensors, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Interests: nanomaterials; silica-based materials; 2D materials; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; organicinorganic hybrid materials; biomarkers; environmental monitoring

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing advance of nanostructured materials in (bio)sensing has increasingly pointed to promising sensors with several applications ranging from the environmental, food, pharmaceutical and clinical analysis fields.

A variety of nanomaterials, polymers, enzymes, and biomolecules immobilized on the most diverse types of substrate (glassy carbon, carbon paste, boron doped diamond, screen-printed carbon, fluorine-doped tin oxide) have been explored for the development of electrochemical (bio)sensors with attractive sensing performances, such as enhanced sensitivity and lowered limit of detection, for the electroanalysis of various biomolecules and biomarkers.

This Special Issue targets a broad audience of researchers from materials science, chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering fields. A variety of electrochemical sensors, materials, and analytical tools are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Iolanda Cruz Vieira
Dr. Edson Roberto Santana
Dr. João Paulo Winiarski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Chemosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

nanoparticles
2D materials
3D materials
electrochemical (bio)sensors
immunosensor
modified electrodes
electroanalysis
enzymes
polymers

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2661 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Layer-by-Layer Films of Silsesquioxane and Nickel(II) Tetrasulphophthalocyanine as Glucose Oxidase Platform Immobilization: Amperometric Determination of Glucose in Kombucha Beverages

by João Paulo Winiarski, Douglas José de Melo, Edson Roberto Santana, Cleverson Siqueira Santos, Cliciane Guadalupe de Jesus, Sérgio Toshio Fujiwara, Karen Wohnrath and Christiana Andrade Pessôa

Chemosensors 2023, 11(6), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11060346 - 14 Jun 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 986

Abstract

This paper describes the development of a novel glucose biosensor through the layer-by-layer technique (LbL). The self-assembled architectures were composed of a positive-charged silsesquioxane polyelectrolyte, 3-n-propylpyridinium silsesquioxane chloride (SiPy⁺Cl⁻), nickel (II) tetrassulphophthalocyanine (NiTsPc), and a conductive surface of FTO (fluor tin oxide). The construction of the biosensor was influenced by the isoelectric point (pI) of the glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx), which allowed electrostatic interaction between the outer layer of the silsesquioxane film and the enzyme. The architecture of modified electrode GOx/(SiPy⁺Cl⁻/NiTsPc)_5.5/FTO was confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR, and chronoamperometry techniques using different immobilization methods of GOx. Among the studied methods, a higher variation of current was observed for the modified electrode formed by mixed LbL films of SiPy⁺Cl⁻ and NiTsPc and the enzyme immobilized by drop coating. The stability and reproducibility of the biosensor were verified when the last layer containing the enzyme was coated with 0.2% Nafion^® polymer. Under these conditions, a linear response for glucose was obtained in the concentration range of 0.2 to 1.6 mmol L⁻¹ (R² = 0.991) with a limit of detection of 0.022 mmol L⁻¹. The proposed biosensor was applied to quantify glucose in two different samples of kombucha juices with accuracy, allowing the glucose content of the healthy beverages to be estimated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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26 pages, 5643 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate-Conjugated Cationic Gemini-Surfactant-Capped Gold Nanoparticles as Model System for Biomolecule Recognition

by Elia Grueso, Rosa M. Giráldez-Pérez, Rafael Prado-Gotor and Edyta Kuliszewska

Chemosensors 2023, 11(4), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11040207 - 25 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1519

Abstract

Surfactant-based nanostructures are promising materials for designing novel colorimetric biosensors based on aggregation/disaggregation phenomena. In this work, a colorimetric sensor based on the plasmonic shift of surfactant-capped gold nanoparticles via the disaggregation mechanism was developed. To perform this, the optimum SDS concentration was firstly determined in order to form Au@16-s-16/SDS complex aggregates with a well-defined SPR band in the blue region. Once the optimal SDS concentration for Au@16-s-16 aggregation was established, the sensing method depended on the nature of the electrostatic charge of the biopolymer studied where both the strength of the biopolymer/SDS and biopolymer/Au@16-s-16 interactions and the cationic gold nanoparticles play a key role in the disaggregation processes. As a result, an instantaneous color change from blue to red was gradually observed with increasing biopolymer concentrations. The response of the sensor was immediate, avoiding problems derived from time lapse, and highly dependent on the order of addition of the reagents, with a detection limit in the nanomolar and picomolar range for DNA and Lysozyme sensing, respectively. This behavior can be correlated with the formation of different highly stabilized Au@16-s-16/biopolymer/SDS complexes, in which the particular biopolymer conformation enhances the distance between Au@16-s-16 nanoparticles among the complexes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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15 pages, 5949 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Highly Sensitive SF₆ Decomposition Byproducts Sensing Platform Based on CuO/ZnO Heterojunction Nanofibers

by Xiaosen Cui, Zhaorui Lu, Zhongchang Wang, Wen Zeng and Qu Zhou

Chemosensors 2023, 11(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11010058 - 11 Jan 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1602

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) are two typical decomposition byproducts of sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), commonly used as an insulating medium in electrical equipment; for instance, in gas circuit breakers and gas insulated switchgears. In our work, fiber-like p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction gas sensing materials were successfully prepared via the electrospinning method to detect the SF₆ decomposition byproducts, H₂S and SO₂ gases. The sensing results demonstrated that p-CuO/n-ZnO nanofiber sensors have good sensing performance with respect to H₂S and SO₂. It is noteworthy that this fiber-like p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction sensor exhibits higher and faster response–recovery time to H₂S and SO₂. The enhanced sensor performances can probably be attributed to the sulfuration–desulfuration reaction between H₂S and the sensing materials. Moreover, the gas sensor exhibited a high response to the low exposure of H₂S and SO₂ gas (below 5 ppm). Towards the end of the paper, the gas sensing mechanism of the prepared p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction sensors to SO₂ and H₂S is discussed carefully. Calculations based on first principles were carried out for Cu/ZnO to construct adsorption models for the adsorption of SO₂ and H₂S gas molecules. Information on adsorption energy, density of states, energy gap values and charge density were calculated and compared to explain the gas-sensitive mechanism of ZnO on SO₂ and H₂S gases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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25 pages, 10453 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Proving Surface Plasmons in Graphene Nanoribbons Organized as 2D Periodic Arrays and Potential Applications in Biosensors

by Talia Tene, Marco Guevara, Jiří Svozilík, Diana Coello-Fiallos, Jorge Briceño and Cristian Vacacela Gomez

Chemosensors 2022, 10(12), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10120514 - 3 Dec 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1799

Abstract

Surface-plasmon-based biosensors have become excellent platforms for detecting biomolecular interactions. While there are several methods to exciting surface plasmons, the major challenge is improving their sensitivity. In relation to this, graphene-based nanomaterials have been theoretically and experimentally proven to increase the sensitivity of surface plasmons. Notably, graphene nanoribbons display more versatile electronic and optical properties due to their controllable bandgaps in comparison to those of zero-gap graphene. In this work, we use a semi-analytical approach to investigate the plasmonic character of two-dimensional graphene nanoribbon arrays, considering free-standing models, i.e., models in which contact with the supporting substrate does not affect their electronic properties. Our findings provide evidence that the plasmon frequency and plasmon dispersion are highly sensitive to geometrical factors or the experimental setup within the terahertz regime. More importantly, possible applications in the molecular detection of lactose, α-thrombin, chlorpyrifos-methyl, glucose, and malaria are discussed. These predictions can be used in future experiments, which, according to what is reported here, can be correctly fitted to the input parameters of possible biosensors based on graphene nanoribbon arrays. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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15 pages, 5797 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electroanalytical Detection of Indigo Carmine in Presence of Tartrazine Using a Poly(dl-phenylalanine) Modified Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode

by Kanthappa Bhimaraya, Jamballi G. Manjunatha, Hareesha Nagarajappa, Ammar M. Tighezza, Munirah D. Albaqami and Mika Sillanpää

Chemosensors 2022, 10(11), 461; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10110461 - 7 Nov 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1506

Abstract

Certain dyes are deleterious to the biological system, including animals and plants living in the water sources, soil sources, and so on. Thus, the analysis of these dyes requires a potent, quick, and cost-effective approach to the environmental samples. The present research work shows a modest, low-cost, and eco-friendly electrochemical device based on poly(dl-phenylalanine)-layered carbon nanotube paste electrode (P(PAN)LCNTPE) material for indigo carmine (ICN) detection in the presence of tartrazine. The cyclic voltammetric, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods were operated for the detection of the redox nature of ICN and electrode material surface activities, respectively. In better operational circumstances, P(PAN)LCNTPE provided better catalytic activity for the redox action of ICN than the bare carbon nanotube paste electrode. The P(PAN)LCNTPE showed good electrochemical activity during the variation of ICN concentrations ranging from 0.2 µM to 10.0 µM with improved peak current, and the limit of detection was about 0.0216 µM. Moreover, the P(PAN)LCNTPE material was performed as a sensor of ICN in a tap water sample and shows adequate stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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Review

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24 pages, 1225 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nanocomposite Materials based on Metal Nanoparticles for the Electrochemical Sensing of Neurotransmitters

by Sorina-Alexandra Leau, Cecilia Lete and Stelian Lupu

Chemosensors 2023, 11(3), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030179 - 7 Mar 2023

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2475

Abstract

Neurotransmitters (NTs) are known as endogenous chemical messengers with important roles in the normal functioning of central and peripheral nervous systems. Abnormal levels of certain NTs, such as dopamine, serotonin and epinephrine, have been linked with several neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease). To date, various strategies have been employed for the quantitative determination of NTs, and nanocomposite materials based on conducting polymers and metal nanoparticles constitute a cornerstone for the development of electrochemical sensors with low costs, stability, fast response rates and high selectivity and sensitivity. The preparation and analytical applications of nanocomposite materials based on metal nanoparticles in the electrochemical sensing of neurotransmitters are discussed in this paper. Recent developments in the electrochemical sensing of neurotransmitters are also discussed with emphasis on the benefits brought by metal nanoparticles in improving the sensitivity of the analytical measurements. The electrochemical synthesis methods for the in situ generation of metal nanoparticles within conducting polymer layers are reviewed. The analytical applications of the nanocomposite-sensing materials towards the detection of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine and serotonin are discussed in terms of detection and quantification limits, linear response range, sensitivity and selectivity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis)

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