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Stem Cells in Human Development and Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2024 | Viewed by 1413

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: pluripotent stem cells; early human development; organogenesis; CNS and PNS development; neural stem cells; neural crest; iPSC-derived disease models; neurodegeneration and regeneration; cancer stem cells; gene and cell therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Exciting advances in stem cell differentiation in 2D and 3D cell cultures that model tissues, organs or embryo stages have provided unprecedented insights into human development, but also novel tools to study human diseases and their cure. The latest high-throughput technologies of single cell or spatial transcriptomics, epigenomics and proteomics have allowed significant progress in interrogating cellular diversity, dynamics and pathological aspects.

Researchers in this field know that the experiments including differentiation and characterization of stem cell derivatives are complex, difficult and expensive, and solutions to the reported “wet” and “dry” problems must be found. We have progressed in producing better human cells and in interrogating the data from sequencing or imaging (either our own data or obtained from open sources).

Based on our of trust in these approaches for further progress in biology and medicine, I invite you to contribute to this Special Issue with research papers or review articles related to your interest in human development or disease, which include stem cell experiments or high-throughput stem cell characterization.

From tissue self-organization to developmental timing or morphogen gradients, your experiments involving stem cells and their progenies can unlock the fundamental biological concepts controlling development, diseases and ultimately regeneration. While several human pluripotent stem cell-based models, including genetic engineering tools, have been employed for several diseases, your studies including validation experiments that use disease-relevant human cells are still necessary for the not yet fully elucidated diseases or novel therapeutic strategies.

I look forward to your contribution!

Dr. Roxana Deleanu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pluripotency
  • gastrulation
  • neural induction
  • neural crest
  • organogenesis
  • adult stem cells
  • cancer stem cells
  • stem cell-based disease models

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 6602 KiB  
Article
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect Endothelial Cells from Hypoxic Injury by Suppressing Terminal UPR In Vivo and In Vitro
by Michael Keese, Jiaxing Zheng, Kaixuan Yan, Karen Bieback, Benito A. Yard, Prama Pallavi, Christoph Reissfelder, Mark Andreas Kluth, Martin Sigl and Vugar Yugublu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17197; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417197 - 6 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1144
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been used as a therapeutic intervention for peripheral artery disease (PAD) in clinical trials. To further explore the therapeutic mechanism of these mesenchymal multipotent stromal/stem cells in PAD, this study was designed to test the effect of xenogeneic [...] Read more.
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been used as a therapeutic intervention for peripheral artery disease (PAD) in clinical trials. To further explore the therapeutic mechanism of these mesenchymal multipotent stromal/stem cells in PAD, this study was designed to test the effect of xenogeneic ASCs extracted from human adipose tissue on hypoxic endothelial cells (ECs) and terminal unfolded protein response (UPR) in vitro and in an atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE−/− mice) hindlimb ischemia model in vivo. ASCs were added to Cobalt (II) chloride-treated ECs; then, metabolic activity, cell migration, and tube formation were evaluated. Fluorescence-based sensors were used to assess dynamic changes in Ca2+ levels in the cytosolic- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as well as changes in reactive oxygen species. Western blotting was used to observe the UPR pathway. To simulate an acute-on-chronic model of PAD, ApoE−/− mice were subjected to a double ligation of the femoral artery (DLFA). An assessment of functional recovery after DFLA was conducted, as well as histology of gastrocnemius. Hypoxia caused ER stress in ECs, but ASCs reduced it, thereby promoting cell survival. Treatment with ASCs ameliorated the effects of ischemia on muscle tissue in the ApoE−/− mice hindlimb ischemia model. Animals showed less muscle necrosis, less inflammation, and lower levels of muscle enzymes after ASC injection. In vitro and in vivo results revealed that all ER stress sensors (BIP, ATF6, CHOP, and XBP1) were activated. We also observed that the expression of these proteins was reduced in the ASCs treatment group. ASCs effectively alleviated endothelial dysfunction under hypoxic conditions by strengthening ATF6 and initiating a transcriptional program to restore ER homeostasis. In general, our data suggest that ASCs may be a meaningful treatment option for patients with PAD who do not have traditional revascularization options. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cells in Human Development and Diseases)
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