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Life
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Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment
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Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 May 2024) | Viewed by 3702

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ľudovít Danihel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
3rd Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Merciful Brothers University Hospital, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: pharmacology and therapeuticsthis
Dr. Marek Smolár

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Surgery and Transplant Centre, Jessenius Medical Faculty Martin, University Hospital Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: surgical techniques; clinical application
Dr. Daniel Pindak

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Oncosurgery, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: cardiac tamponade; childhood volvulus; heart tumor; hemorrhoidectomy; hemorrhoids; lymphadenectomy; orchiectomy; teratoma of the mediastinum; testicular cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, there have been significant advances in prevention, diagnosis and treatment in general surgery, especially in terms of addressing gastrointestinal diseases. This Special Issue aims to showcase some of the most innovative and promising approaches in this field. General surgery is used to treat a broad category of disorders; the scope of this Issue includes a wide range of related topics.

This Issue aims to publish articles that show new diagnostic tools and methods for detecting all types of diseases addressed by general surgery. We are looking to explore the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to analyze medical images and identify early signs of cancer and other gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, we seek to combine these methods with clinical examination, which is the most important aspect of the treatment of patients. We are also looking for new studies and opinions in field of colorectal cancer, as well as investigations into all types of hernia.

In terms of treatment, there are also exciting new developments in general surgery which are still not handled as standard practice.

We accept original articles, clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Dr. Ľudovít Danihel
Dr. Marek Smolár
Dr. Daniel Pindak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • new approaches
  • clinical examination
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 260 KiB  
Article
Pre-Operative Mechanical Bowel Preparation Does Not Affect the Impact of Anastomosis Leakage in Left-Side Colorectal Surgery—A Single Center Observational Study
by Ludovít Danihel, Marian Cerny, Ivor Dropco, Petra Zrnikova, Milan Schnorrer, Marek Smolar, Miloslav Misanik and Stefan Durdik
Life 2024, 14(9), 1092; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14091092 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 351
Abstract
Despite rapid advances in colorectal surgery, morbidity and mortality rates in elective gastrointestinal surgery play a significant role. For decades, there have been tempestuous discussions on preventative measures to minimize the risk of anastomotic dehiscence. When mechanical bowel preparation before an elective procedure, [...] Read more.
Despite rapid advances in colorectal surgery, morbidity and mortality rates in elective gastrointestinal surgery play a significant role. For decades, there have been tempestuous discussions on preventative measures to minimize the risk of anastomotic dehiscence. When mechanical bowel preparation before an elective procedure, one of the key hypotheses, was introduced into practice, it was assumed that it would decrease the number of infectious complications and anastomotic dehiscence. The advancements in antibiotic treatment supported the concomitant administration of oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation. In the prospective study conducted at our clinic, we performed left-side colorectal procedures without prior mechanical preparation. All patients enrolled in the study underwent the surgery and were observed in the 3rd Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia, from January 2019 to January 2020. As a control group, we used a similar group of patients with MBP. Our observed group included 87 patients with tumors in the left part of their large intestine (lineal flexure, descendent colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum). Dixon laparoscopic resection was performed in 26 patients. Sigmoid laparoscopic resection was performed in 27 patients. In 12 patients, the procedure was started laparoscopically but had to be converted due to adverse anatomical conditions. The conservative approaches mostly included Dixon resections (19 patients), sigmoid colon resections (5 patients), left-side hemicolectomies (6 patients), and Miles’ tumor resections, with rectal amputation (4 patients). Our study highlighted the fact that MBP does not have an unequivocal benefit for patients with colorectal infection, which has an impact on the development of anastomotic dehiscence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment)
13 pages, 815 KiB  
Article
Impact of Excision Type, Cone Volume, and Dimensions on Persistence/Recurrence of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2–3
by Gonzalo Arturo Medina Bueno, Maria Eulalia Fernández-Montolí, Fatima Heydari, Jordi Ponce, Sara Tous and Judith Peñafiel
Life 2024, 14(8), 968; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080968 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 489
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the excision type and the persistence/recurrence of CIN2–3. A total of 227 women with CIN2–3 who were treated with LLETZ were evaluated. The types of excision according to the IFCPC 2011, volume, [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the excision type and the persistence/recurrence of CIN2–3. A total of 227 women with CIN2–3 who were treated with LLETZ were evaluated. The types of excision according to the IFCPC 2011, volume, cone dimensions, margins of resection, post-cone high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status, and viral load were studied. The time to recurrence was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Persistent/recurrent CIN2–3 was found in 12 cases (5.2%). Type 1 excision was performed in 107 patients, with 7 recurrences (6.5%); type 2 excision in 74 patients, with 4 recurrences (5.4%); and type 3 excision in 46 patients, with 1 recurrence (2.1%). The percentage of clear margins in type 1 excisions was 44.9%, that in type 2 excisions was 59.5%, and that in type 3 excisions was 69.6% (p = 0.008). Type 1 excision was associated with 28.5% post-LLETZ HR-HPV positivity, that in type 2 reached 20.6%, and that in type 3 reached 11.4%; this difference was non-significant (p = 0.24). (4) Conclusions: Type 3 excision was associated with a larger proportion of clear margins and lower post-cone HR-HPV positivity, with a lower incidence of the persistence/recurrence of CIN2–3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment)
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Review

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11 pages, 1480 KiB  
Review
Is It the Best Option? Robotic Surgery for Endometriosis
by Jihyun Lee and Seongmin Kim
Life 2024, 14(8), 982; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080982 - 5 Aug 2024
Viewed by 629
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, leading to significant physical and emotional stress. Treatments include medical management and surgical interventions, with laparoscopic surgery being the gold standard for removing endometrial tissue. The advent of robotic-assisted laparoscopic [...] Read more.
Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, leading to significant physical and emotional stress. Treatments include medical management and surgical interventions, with laparoscopic surgery being the gold standard for removing endometrial tissue. The advent of robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has enabled more complex procedures to be performed minimally invasively, increasing its use in high-difficulty surgeries. Developed in the late 20th century, systems like the Da Vinci Surgical System have revolutionized surgery by enhancing precision, dexterity, and visualization. The latest models, including the Da Vinci Xi and SP, offer advanced features such as enhanced arm mobility, fluorescence imaging, and single-port capabilities. Comparative studies of RALS and conventional laparoscopy (LPS) for endometriosis show mixed results. While some studies indicate no significant differences in complications or recovery outcomes, others highlight longer operative times and hospital stays for RALS. Despite these drawbacks, RALS is not inferior to LPS overall. The clinical benefits of RALS include greater precision and accuracy, reduced surgeon fatigue, and a faster learning curve, facilitated by advanced ergonomic and control systems. However, the high costs and extensive infrastructure requirements limit the accessibility and availability of robotic surgery, particularly in smaller or rural hospitals. The absence of tactile feedback remains a challenge, though upcoming advancements aim to address this. Continued research and development are essential to make robotic surgery more cost-effective and broadly accessible, ensuring its benefits can reach a wider patient population. This abstract encapsulates the key aspects of robotic surgery’s development, comparative studies with conventional methods, and its clinical benefits and limitations, highlighting the need for ongoing improvements and research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment)
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14 pages, 1117 KiB  
Review
Management Considerations for Cervical Corpectomy: Updated Indications and Future Directions
by Marco Foreman, Devon Foster, Wiley Gillam, Christopher Ciesla, Chris Lamprecht and Brandon Lucke-Wold
Life 2024, 14(6), 651; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060651 - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 1009
Abstract
Together, lower back and neck pain are among the leading causes of acquired disability worldwide and have experienced a marked increase over the past 25 years. Paralleled with the increasing aging population and the rise in chronic disease, this trend is only predicted [...] Read more.
Together, lower back and neck pain are among the leading causes of acquired disability worldwide and have experienced a marked increase over the past 25 years. Paralleled with the increasing aging population and the rise in chronic disease, this trend is only predicted to contribute to the growing global burden. In the context of cervical neck pain, this symptom is most often a manifestation of cervical degenerative disc disease (DDD). Traditionally, multilevel neck pain related to DDD that is recalcitrant to both physical and medical therapy can be treated with a procedure known as cervical corpectomy. Presently, there are many flavors of cervical corpectomy; however, the overarching goal is the removal of the pain-generating disc via the employment of the modern anterior approach. In this review, we will briefly detail the pathophysiological mechanism behind DDD, overview the development of the anterior approach, and discuss the current state of treatment options for said pathology. Furthermore, this review will also add to the current body of literature surrounding updated indications, surgical techniques, and patient outcomes related to cervical corpectomy. Finally, our discussion ends with highlighting the future direction of cervical corpectomy through the introduction of the “skip corpectomy” and distractable mesh cages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment)
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Other

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21 pages, 4236 KiB  
Systematic Review
Surgical Site Infections in Colorectal Cancer Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Surgical Approach and Associated Risk Factors
by Valentin Calu, Catalin Piriianu, Adrian Miron and Valentin Titus Grigorean
Life 2024, 14(7), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14070850 - 5 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 736
Abstract
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a noteworthy contributor to both morbidity and mortality in the context of patients who undergo colorectal surgery. Several risk factors have been identified; however, their relative significance remains uncertain. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies [...] Read more.
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a noteworthy contributor to both morbidity and mortality in the context of patients who undergo colorectal surgery. Several risk factors have been identified; however, their relative significance remains uncertain. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies from their inception up until 2023 that investigated risk factors for SSIs in colorectal surgery. A random-effects model was used to pool the data and calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each risk factor. Results: Our analysis included 26 studies with a total of 61,426 patients. The pooled results showed that male sex (OR = 1.45), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.09), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score ≥ 3 (OR = 1.69), were all independent risk factors for SSIs in colorectal surgery. Conversely, laparoscopic surgery (OR = 0.70) was found to be a protective factor. Conclusions: The meta-analysis conducted revealed various risk factors, both modifiable and non-modifiable, associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) in colorectal surgery. These findings emphasize the significance of targeted interventions, including optimizing glycemic control, minimizing blood loss, and using laparoscopic techniques whenever feasible in order to decrease the occurrence of surgical site infections in this particular group of patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Surgery: Trends in Prevention, Diagnostic and Treatment)
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