Grassland Conservation: Sustainability under Climate Change

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Grassland and Pasture Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 3773

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Botany, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Páter Károly u. 1., Hungary
Interests: coenological investigations of grasslands; taxonomy of Poaceae species; grasslands management

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Guest Editor
Department of Nature Conservation and Landscape Management, Institute for Wildlife Management and Nature Conservation, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Interests: landscape history; land-use history; archaeobotany (xylotomy, anthracotomy); historical vegetation; complex research of wood-pastures
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change, including extreme climatic effects such as drying out and warming, is a huge challenge for grasslands, as some dominant species disappear, and other, disturbance-tolerant, invasive species increase their cover. At the same time, the botanical and economical roles of grasslands are changing constantly.

Grasslands constitute the largest biomass of the world, covering over 40% of the Earth’s terrestrial land surface. They harbour high biodiversity and offer a variety of ecosystem services and goods, such as pollination, carbon sequestration, food, and forage, and provide opportunities for tourism and recreation. Despite their importance in the sustainment of landscape-scale biodiversity, vast areas of grasslands have been lost due to conversion to croplands, agricultural intensification and overexploitation. In most agriculture-driven landscapes, grasslands correspond only to a few small fragments, which are isolated by intensively cultivated lands. Worldwide, grasslands and rangelands contribute to the livelihoods of more than two billion people and provide forage for nearly 600 sheep and goats and 360 million cattle. The conservation of biodiversity and the sustainable management of grasslands have become increasingly important tasks. It is essential to explore the various environmental factors that sustain healthy grassland communities, and understand the ecological mechanisms and functions that drive their biodiversity. Multifunctionality should be the foundation of every approach, from conservation management to agricultural purposes. Undergrazing is rarely discussed but is also undesirable, as wasted, good-quality forage is a valuable asset. Protecting species-rich grasslands is also important in order to save valuable traits and natural beauty. Proper management plans are needed as pasture-based quality meat and milk are of primary demand, alongside nature conservation efforts.

For this Special Issue, we seek case studies on the management, conservation and restoration of grasslands and rangelands all over the world, in order to provide reliable information for sustainable management and biodiversity conservation. Research, review and opinion papers are welcome, addressing solutions to daily problems from both an ecological and agronomical perspective. Studies on taxonomical, self-regulating, degrading phytocoenoses, alternative grazing methods, organic fertilizer application, arid pasture management and the monetisation of grass will fit within the scope.

Dr. Károly Penksza
Dr. Dénes Saláta
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • grasslands management
  • grass species
  • invasion
  • adaptation
  • restoration

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3883 KiB  
Article
Mapping of Gynaephora alpherakii Inhabitability Area in the National Park of Qilian Mountain, China
by Yanyan Lv, Jianguo Zhang, Wei Chen, Yi Sun, Meng Li, Hongyan Yu, Shuhua Yi and Baoping Meng
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 594; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020594 - 18 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1289
Abstract
Gynaephora alpherakii (G. alpherakii) is one of the dominant pests in the alpine meadow; its outbreak has substantial impacts on grass vegetation production and carrying capacity. The increasing frequency of G. alpherakii outbreaks will take place with global warming and human [...] Read more.
Gynaephora alpherakii (G. alpherakii) is one of the dominant pests in the alpine meadow; its outbreak has substantial impacts on grass vegetation production and carrying capacity. The increasing frequency of G. alpherakii outbreaks will take place with global warming and human activities. Therefore, it is crucial to identify inhabitable areas to apply prevention measures efficiently and facilitate sustainable grassland management. In this study, field measurements of G. alpherakii (from 2010 to 2021) were used to explore the relationships between its density and environmental factors in the National Park of Qilian Mountain, China. Then, the inhabitability area was mapped. The results showed that (1) eight of the twenty-five factors studied (average and maximum value of solar radiation; minimum, standard deviation, and average value of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); maximum precipitation; and digital elevation model) had a greater influence on G. alpherakii density. (2) Among all of the estimation models, models based on the average of solar radiation, the minimum of NDVI, and the maximum precipitation were better than other factors, with a higher determination coefficient (R2) of 0.53–0.66 and a lower root mean square error (RMSE) of 40.54–47.32 head/m2. Models based on rest factors had a lower accuracy, with R2 within 0.38–0.49 and an RMSE of 50.91–58.68 head/m2. (3) The inhabitable area which was most suited for G. alpherakii growth, development, and frequent outbreaks was located in the northeast of the research area (24.72%), with inhabitability decreasing from southeast to northwest. This method is helpful for clarifying the distribution regions and occurrence dynamics of the G. alpherakii in the alpine meadow. The spatial distribution of G. alpherakii in the National Park of Qilian Mountain can also be clearly defined by using this method, which can provide data support for its prevention and control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grassland Conservation: Sustainability under Climate Change)
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17 pages, 1058 KiB  
Article
Research on the Influence of Fertilization System on the Production and Sustainability of Temporary Grasslands from Romania
by Jenica Călina, Aurel Călina, Tiberiu Iancu, Marius Miluț and Alin Constantin Croitoru
Agronomy 2022, 12(12), 2979; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12122979 - 27 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1836
Abstract
The analysis of the impact of the organic and mineral fertilization systems on the production and sustainability of the temporary grasslands in Romania represents a decisive step in establishing the optimal management in such a technology. The purpose of this research is to [...] Read more.
The analysis of the impact of the organic and mineral fertilization systems on the production and sustainability of the temporary grasslands in Romania represents a decisive step in establishing the optimal management in such a technology. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of these two types of fertilization on hay production, floristic structure, chemical composition–nutritional quality, economic efficiency, and sustainability, in order to improve the cultural technology. The study was carried out in the area of Horezu, Romania. A mixture of five fodder plants was used in the study—Dactylis glomerata, Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Lolium perenne, and Lotus corniculatus—which were sown in two fertilization systems: mineral and organic. The research was carried out between 2017 and 2020, very different years from a climatic point of view. The year 2017 was used to establish the autumn experience, so it is incomplete and was not used in the interpretation of the obtained results. The results of our research contribute to the implementation of better technology for the cultivation of temporary grasslands because the statistical interpretation established that they are significant for all the objectives pursued: production, floristic and chemical composition, and economic efficiency. We recommend small farmers reconsider the use of an organic fertilization system, as they can achieve maximum efficiency, improvement of all physical and chemical properties of the soil, and reduction of feed contamination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grassland Conservation: Sustainability under Climate Change)
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