Mother–Child Attachment Relationship in Pregnancy, Postpartum, and Early Childhood: Current Status and New Research Perspectives

A special issue of European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (ISSN 2254-9625).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 1773

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy
Interests: developmental psychology; educational psychology; life cycle psychology; development in adolescence; attachment relationships; family; learning and quality of educational settings
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

The perinatal period is a critical and sensitive period of development for both mothers and their infants, and the quality of the attachment between mother and child, which is established during the period of pregnancy, significantly impacts cognitive, emotional, and social development in early childhood. This Special Issue will bring together leading researchers and practitioners in developmental and perinatal psychology to present the latest contributions and interventions related to mother–child attachments in pregnancy, postpartum, and early childhood. The Special Issue will cover a range of topics, including:

  1. Theoretical perspectives on mother–child attachment during the perinatal period and early childhood;
  2. Research on the factors that influence the development of mother–child attachment, including maternal psychological well-being, infant temperament, and environmental factors;
  3. Assessment tools and techniques for measuring mother–child attachment;
  4. Interventions to promote healthy mother–child attachment and prevent or treat postpartum disorders;
  5. Cultural and contextual and cultural factors that influence mother–child attachment;
  6. Implications of recent research on mother–child attachment for policy and practice, including the development of screening tools, guidelines for perinatal mental health care, and strategies for promoting positive attachment relationships.

Dr. Valentina Lucia La Rosa
Prof. Dr. Elena Commodari
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • developmental psychology
  • perinatal psychology
  • pregnancy
  • postpartum
  • early childhood
  • attachment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 370 KiB  
Article
Postpartum-Specific Anxiety and Maternal–Infant Bonding: A Predictive Validity Study amongst Italian Women
by Chiara Ionio, Giulia Ciuffo, Paul Christiansen, Anna Maria Della Vedova, Victoria Fallon, Maria Francesca Figlino, Marta Landoni, Sergio A. Silverio, Martina Smorti and Alessandra Bramante
Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14(6), 1614-1626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14060107 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 186
Abstract
The role of anxiety is unknown in relation to postpartum bonding, unlike the well-known detrimental effect that postpartum depression has on the relationship between a mother and child. This study investigates how anxiety affects mother–infant bonding after childbirth, comparing the Italian version of [...] Read more.
The role of anxiety is unknown in relation to postpartum bonding, unlike the well-known detrimental effect that postpartum depression has on the relationship between a mother and child. This study investigates how anxiety affects mother–infant bonding after childbirth, comparing the Italian version of the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS-IT) with generalized measures of anxiety. Examining 324 non-randomly-selected participants responding to various scales, including the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), postpartum-specific anxiety scale (PSAS-IT), postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ), and baby care questionnaire (BCQ-2), initial results suggest a link between certain postpartum anxiety symptoms and attachment problems. Surprisingly, anxiety measured with the PSAS has no direct influence on attachment; however, it is a strong predictor of bonding, even when maternal age, general anxiety, and depression are taken into account, explaining 3% of the variance in scores (β = 0.26, p < 0.001). This emphasizes the importance of early identification and intervention of postpartum anxiety in promoting bonding between mother and child. Full article
13 pages, 433 KiB  
Article
ADHD Symptoms in Middle Childhood: The Role of Child Attachment and Maternal Emotional Availability in an Inpatient Clinical Sample
by Michaela Augustin, Volker Mall and Maria Licata-Dandel
Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14(6), 1572-1584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14060104 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 189
Abstract
Background: Child ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in middle childhood, alongside impairment in social functioning. The parent–child relationship has been shown to play an important role; however, studies investigating specific facets of the parent–child relationship in ADHD symptomatology in middle childhood have been [...] Read more.
Background: Child ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in middle childhood, alongside impairment in social functioning. The parent–child relationship has been shown to play an important role; however, studies investigating specific facets of the parent–child relationship in ADHD symptomatology in middle childhood have been neglected. We assumed that higher ADHD symptoms were associated with both (1) lower maternal emotional availability (EA) and (2) lower child attachment security. Moreover, (3) we aimed to explore which specific EA dimensions were associated with ADHD symptoms. Methods: In a socio-pediatric clinic in Germany, 71 inpatient mother–child dyads (child age: M = 7.70, SD = 1.06; n = 54 boys) were assessed. Clinical data about child ADHD symptoms (Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 subscale “attention deficit/hyperactivity problems”), maternal EA (free play), and child attachment representation (Attachment Story Completion Task, GEV-B) were analyzed cross-sectionally. Results: Controlling for child oppositional behavior and sex, child ADHD symptoms were associated with overall maternal EA, and more specifically non-hostility, but not with child attachment representation. Conclusions: Our results imply that the role of parent–child interaction quality should be considered in the treatment of ADHD. Bidirectional effects cannot be ruled out. Full article
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13 pages, 302 KiB  
Article
Early Parenting Interactions and First-Time Mothers’ Postnatal Depression and Parental Competence
by Rachel W. E. Leong, Davinder Gill, Joanna Barlas and Patrick K. F. Lin
Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14(4), 963-975; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14040063 - 6 Apr 2024
Viewed by 770
Abstract
Objectives: Schema Therapy, an approach that integrates cognitive-behavioural and attachment principles, helps us understand the impact of early interactions with caregivers on adult mental health. These early interactions can be assessed through Schema Therapy-informed tools; however, these tools have yet to be [...] Read more.
Objectives: Schema Therapy, an approach that integrates cognitive-behavioural and attachment principles, helps us understand the impact of early interactions with caregivers on adult mental health. These early interactions can be assessed through Schema Therapy-informed tools; however, these tools have yet to be used with a postnatal population, which represents a period of vulnerability for new mothers. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of positive and negative early parenting interactions on a first-time mother’s mental health and her sense of competence during the postnatal period, using recently revised and newly developed Schema Therapy-informed tools. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Method: First-time mothers (N = 220) participated in an online survey within 12 months post-birth. Participants completed the Positive Parenting Schema Inventory (PPSI), Young Parenting Inventory—Revised (YPI-R2), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. The data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression and mediational analysis. Results: Negative early interactions with mothers and fathers led to greater postnatal depressive symptomology, while positive early interactions with mothers led to fewer postnatal depressive symptoms. Mediation analyses revealed that postnatal depressive symptoms mediated early parenting interactions and participants’ sense of parenting competence as a new mother. Conclusions: The protective effects of positive early interactions with caregivers can help first-time mothers’ postnatal emotional adjustment and their sense of competence through diminished postnatal depressive symptoms. However, the enduring effects of negative early interactions with caregivers can contribute to a first-time mother’s risk of developing postnatal depression and negatively affect her sense of parental competence. Full article
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