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Antioxidants
Volume 10
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10.3390/antiox10081256
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Article

Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder and Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Randomised Clinical Trial

by
Barbora Katrenčíková
1,†,
Magdaléna Vaváková
1,†,
Zuzana Paduchová
1,
Zuzana Nagyová
2,
Iveta Garaiova
3,
Jana Muchová
1,
Zdenka Ďuračková
1,*,‡ and
Jana Trebatická
4,‡
1
Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
2
Juvenalia, s.r.o., Paediatric Centre, Veľkoblahovská 44A, 929 01 Dunajská Streda, Slovakia
3
Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd., Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
4
Department of Paediatric Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The National Institute of Children’s Diseases, Comenius University, Limbová 1, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
Equal position.
Antioxidants 2021, 10(8), 1256; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081256
Submission received: 23 June 2021 / Revised: 30 July 2021 / Accepted: 1 August 2021 / Published: 5 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative-Nitrative Stress in Human Health and Disease)
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Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play a role in mental disorders. However, it is not clear whether the OS is the cause or consequence of the disorder. We investigated markers of oxidative stress (8-isoprostane (8-IsoP-U), lipoperoxides (LP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine (NT)) and antioxidant protection (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in 60 paediatric and adolescent patients with depressive disorder (DD) compared to healthy controls. The patients were divided into two groups (1:1). One group received an emulsion of omega-3 fatty acid (FA), and the other group an emulsion of sunflower oil with omega-6 FA for 12 weeks. The levels of 8-IsoP-U, AOPP and NT were increased, and GPx activity was decreased in patients compared to the controls. We found a significant positive correlation of the Children’s Depression Inventory score with NT and a negative correlation with TEAC, SOD and GPx. NT correlated positively with the baseline omega-6/omega-3 FA ratio and a negatively with SOD. A supplementation with omega-3 FA, but not with omega-6 FA, decreased 8-IsoP-U, AOPP, NT levels and increased TEAC and SOD activity. Our results suggest that NT may play a role in the pathophysiology of DD, while elevated isoprostane is likely caused by the high omega-6/omega-3 FA ratio. Omega-3 FA supplementation reduces oxidative stress in patients with DD. This study was registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN81655012).
Keywords: depressive disorder; omega-3 fatty acids; oxidative stress; lipoperoxides; 8-isoprostane; advanced oxidative protein products; nitrotyrosine; antioxidant enzymes; children and adolescents depressive disorder; omega-3 fatty acids; oxidative stress; lipoperoxides; 8-isoprostane; advanced oxidative protein products; nitrotyrosine; antioxidant enzymes; children and adolescents

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MDPI and ACS Style

Katrenčíková, B.; Vaváková, M.; Paduchová, Z.; Nagyová, Z.; Garaiova, I.; Muchová, J.; Ďuračková, Z.; Trebatická, J. Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder and Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Randomised Clinical Trial. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081256

AMA Style

Katrenčíková B, Vaváková M, Paduchová Z, Nagyová Z, Garaiova I, Muchová J, Ďuračková Z, Trebatická J. Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder and Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Randomised Clinical Trial. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(8):1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081256

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katrenčíková, Barbora, Magdaléna Vaváková, Zuzana Paduchová, Zuzana Nagyová, Iveta Garaiova, Jana Muchová, Zdenka Ďuračková, and Jana Trebatická. 2021. "Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder and Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Randomised Clinical Trial" Antioxidants 10, no. 8: 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081256

APA Style

Katrenčíková, B., Vaváková, M., Paduchová, Z., Nagyová, Z., Garaiova, I., Muchová, J., Ďuračková, Z., & Trebatická, J. (2021). Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder and Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Randomised Clinical Trial. Antioxidants, 10(8), 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081256

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