Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Voltammetric Immunosensors
3. Screen-Printed Electrodes (SPEs) for Voltammetric Immunosensors
4. Association of Microfluidic Devices and Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors
5. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Analyte | Transducer | Detection Limit | Sample | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Okadaic acid (toxin) | SPCE modified with MBs | 0.15 µg·mL−1 | Mussel | [46] |
CEA (tumor marker) | SPCE modified with CEA/colloidal Au/chitosan film | 0.22 ng·mL−1 0.45 ng·mL−1 | Serum | [47] |
HIgG (biomarker) | SPCE modified with GO | 1.70 ng·mL−1 | Urine | [48] |
Isoproturon (herbicide) | SPCE | 0.84 ng·mL−1 | Soil | [50] |
2,4-D (herbicide) | Gold-SPE modified with cysteamine | 0.12 µg·mL−1 | Water and food | [51] |
Biotin (vitamin) | SPCE | 10−14 mol·L−1 | Clinical | [52] |
Botrytis cinerea (fungus) | SPCE modified with MWCNT | 0.02 µg·mL−1 | Fruit | [53] |
Application | Analyte | SPE Modified with | LOD | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Biomedical | 17-E2 (hormone) | MWCNTs/THi/AuNPs | 10 pg·mL−1 | [73] |
CA15-3 (biomarker) | - | 6.0 µU·mL−1 | [75] | |
ER α (biomarker) | PDDA/GSH-AuNPs/DNA | 10 fg·mL−1 | [76] | |
PSA (biomarker) | Glutathione/AuNPs | 0.23 pg·mL−1 | [77] | |
IL-6 and IL-8 proteins (biomarkers) | AuNPs | 5.0 fg·mL−1 (IL-6) and 7.0 fg·mL−1 (IL-8) | [78] | |
NSE (biomarker) | NH2-G/THi/AuNPs | 10 pg·mL−1 | [79] | |
HCG (biomarker) | - | 0.36 mIU·mL−1 | [80] | |
Biomedical | E. coli (bacteria) | AuNPs | 50 cfu·mL−1 and 2.0 × 104 cfu·mL−1 (standard immunoassay) | [81] |
CEA, CA 19-9, H.P., P53, PGI and PGII (biomarkers) | - | 0.37 ng·mL−1 (CEA), 10.75 U·mL−1 (CA 19-9), 5.0 U·L−1 (H.P.), 35 pg·mL−1 (P53), 37.5 ng·mL−1 (PGI) and 2.5 ng·mL−1 (PGII) | [82] | |
H1N1 (virus) | rGO/EDC-NHS | 0.5 PFU·mL−1 | [83] | |
TNFα (Biobmarker) | - | 4.1 ng·mL−1 | [84] | |
AFP (biomarker) | rGO-TEPA/AuNPs | 0.005 ng·mL−1 | [85] | |
GMN (aspergillosis) | CuNPs-PVP | 0.23 ng·mL−1 | [86] | |
Dengue NS1 protein | - | 0.5 ng·mL−1 | [87] | |
Tetracycline and pristinamycin (antibiotics) | - | 6.33 ng·mL−1 (tetracycline) and 9.22 ng·mL−1 (pristinamycin) | [88] | |
CA 125, CEA (biomarkers) | MWCNTs | 0.2 mU·mL−1 (CA 125) and 0.01 ng·mL−1 (CEA) | [89] | |
PfHRP2 (biomarker) | - | 16 ng·mL−1 | [90] | |
BAM (herbicide) | - | Not found | [91] | |
Food | CLB (2-agonist) | AuNPs | 0.008 ng·mL−1 | [92] |
S. typhi (bacterium) | - | 7.7 cells·mL−1 | [93] | |
Agricultural Food | XA (toxin) | - | 1.5 × 102 CFU·mL−1 | [64] |
OTA (mycotoxin) | - | 0.05 µg·Kg−1 | [94] | |
B. cinerea (fungus) | - | 0.008 µg·mL−1 | [95] |
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Felix, F.S.; Baccaro, A.L.B.; Angnes, L. Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review. Sensors 2018, 18, 4124. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18124124
Felix FS, Baccaro ALB, Angnes L. Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review. Sensors. 2018; 18(12):4124. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18124124
Chicago/Turabian StyleFelix, Fabiana S., Alexandre L. B. Baccaro, and Lúcio Angnes. 2018. "Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review" Sensors 18, no. 12: 4124. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18124124
APA StyleFelix, F. S., Baccaro, A. L. B., & Angnes, L. (2018). Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review. Sensors, 18(12), 4124. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18124124