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Volume 19
Issue 13
10.3390/s19132944
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Article

Instrumented Crutch Tip for Monitoring Force and Crutch Pitch Angle

by
Iñigo Sesar
1,
Asier Zubizarreta
1,*,
Itziar Cabanes
1,
Eva Portillo
1,
Jon Torres-Unda
2 and
Ana Rodriguez-Larrad
2
1
Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
2
Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2019, 19(13), 2944; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132944
Submission received: 9 April 2019 / Revised: 25 June 2019 / Accepted: 30 June 2019 / Published: 4 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
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Abstract

In rehabilitation procedures related to the lower limbs, gait monitoring is an important source of information for the therapist. However, many of the approaches proposed in the literature require the use of uncomfortable and invasive devices. In this work, an instrumented tip is developed and detailed, which can be connected to any crutch. The instrumented tip provides objective data of the crutch motion, which, combined with patient movement data, might be used to monitor the daily activities or assess the recovery status of the patient. For that purpose, the tip integrates a two-axis inclinometer, a tri-axial gyroscope, and a force sensor to measure the force exerted on the crutch. In addition, a novel algorithm to estimate the pitch angle of the crutch is developed. The proposed approach is tested experimentally, obtaining acceptable accuracies and demonstrating the validity of the proposed lightweight, portable solution for gait monitoring.
Keywords: crutch; cane; wearable sensors; gait analysis; monitoring; rehabilitation crutch; cane; wearable sensors; gait analysis; monitoring; rehabilitation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sesar, I.; Zubizarreta, A.; Cabanes, I.; Portillo, E.; Torres-Unda, J.; Rodriguez-Larrad, A. Instrumented Crutch Tip for Monitoring Force and Crutch Pitch Angle. Sensors 2019, 19, 2944. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132944

AMA Style

Sesar I, Zubizarreta A, Cabanes I, Portillo E, Torres-Unda J, Rodriguez-Larrad A. Instrumented Crutch Tip for Monitoring Force and Crutch Pitch Angle. Sensors. 2019; 19(13):2944. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132944

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sesar, Iñigo, Asier Zubizarreta, Itziar Cabanes, Eva Portillo, Jon Torres-Unda, and Ana Rodriguez-Larrad. 2019. "Instrumented Crutch Tip for Monitoring Force and Crutch Pitch Angle" Sensors 19, no. 13: 2944. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132944

APA Style

Sesar, I., Zubizarreta, A., Cabanes, I., Portillo, E., Torres-Unda, J., & Rodriguez-Larrad, A. (2019). Instrumented Crutch Tip for Monitoring Force and Crutch Pitch Angle. Sensors, 19(13), 2944. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132944

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