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Article

Damage Detection in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures by Impact Hammer Modal Testing and Experimental Validation

by
Viviana Meruane
1,
Sergio J. Yanez
2,*,
Leonel Quinteros
1,3 and
Erick I. Saavedra Flores
2
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
2
Civil Engineering Department, University of Santiago of Chile, Av. Víctor Jara 3659, Santiago 8990000, Chile
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2022, 22(10), 3874; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103874
Submission received: 31 January 2022 / Revised: 3 May 2022 / Accepted: 11 May 2022 / Published: 20 May 2022

Abstract

Steel–concrete composite systems are an efficient alternative to mid- and high-rise building structures because of their high strength-to-weight ratio when compared to traditional concrete or steel constructive systems. Nevertheless, composite structural systems are susceptible to damage due to, for example, deficient construction processes, errors in design and detailing, steel corrosion, and the drying shrinkage of concrete. As a consequence, the overall strength of the structure may be significantly decreased. In view of the relevance of this subject, the present paper addresses the damage detection problem in a steel–concrete composite structure with an impact-hammer-based modal testing procedure. The mathematical formulation adopted in this work allows for the identification of regions where stiffness varies with respect to an initial virgin state without the need for theoretical models of the undamaged structure (such as finite element models). Since mode shape curvatures change due to the loss of stiffness at the presence of cracks, a change in curvature was adopted as a criterion to quantify stiffness reduction. A stiffness variability index based on two-dimensional mode shape curvatures is generated for several points on the structure, resulting in a damage distribution pattern. Our numerical predictions were compared with experimentally measured data in a full-scale steel–concrete composite beam subjected to bending and were successfully validated. The present damage detection strategy provides further insight into the failure mechanisms of steel–concrete composite structures, and promotes the future development of safer and more reliable infrastructures.
Keywords: damage detection; modal testing; composite structure damage detection; modal testing; composite structure

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Meruane, V.; Yanez, S.J.; Quinteros, L.; Saavedra Flores, E.I. Damage Detection in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures by Impact Hammer Modal Testing and Experimental Validation. Sensors 2022, 22, 3874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103874

AMA Style

Meruane V, Yanez SJ, Quinteros L, Saavedra Flores EI. Damage Detection in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures by Impact Hammer Modal Testing and Experimental Validation. Sensors. 2022; 22(10):3874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103874

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meruane, Viviana, Sergio J. Yanez, Leonel Quinteros, and Erick I. Saavedra Flores. 2022. "Damage Detection in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures by Impact Hammer Modal Testing and Experimental Validation" Sensors 22, no. 10: 3874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103874

APA Style

Meruane, V., Yanez, S. J., Quinteros, L., & Saavedra Flores, E. I. (2022). Damage Detection in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures by Impact Hammer Modal Testing and Experimental Validation. Sensors, 22(10), 3874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103874

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