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Article

Cell–Electrode Models for Impedance Analysis of Epithelial and Endothelial Monolayers Cultured on Microelectrodes

by
Wei-Chih Chiu
1,
Wei-Ling Chen
1,
Yi-Ting Lai
2,
Yu-Han Hung
3,* and
Chun-Min Lo
1,*
1
Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
2
Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
3
Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2024, 24(13), 4214; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134214 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 29 May 2024 / Revised: 21 June 2024 / Accepted: 27 June 2024 / Published: 28 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Technology)

Abstract

Electric cell–substrate impedance sensing has been used to measure transepithelial and transendothelial impedances of cultured cell layers and extract cell parameters such as junctional resistance, cell–substrate separation, and membrane capacitance. Previously, a three-path cell–electrode model comprising two transcellular pathways and one paracellular pathway was developed for the impedance analysis of MDCK cells. By ignoring the resistances of the lateral intercellular spaces, we develop a simplified three-path model for the impedance analysis of epithelial cells and solve the model equations in a closed form. The calculated impedance values obtained from this simplified cell–electrode model at frequencies ranging from 31.25 Hz to 100 kHz agree well with the experimental data obtained from MDCK and OVCA429 cells. We also describe how the change in each model-fitting parameter influences the electrical impedance spectra of MDCK cell layers. By assuming that the junctional resistance is much smaller than the specific impedance through the lateral cell membrane, the simplified three-path model reduces to a two-path model, which can be used for the impedance analysis of endothelial cells and other disk-shaped cells with low junctional resistances. The measured impedance spectra of HUVEC and HaCaT cell monolayers nearly coincide with the impedance data calculated from the two-path model.
Keywords: electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS); cell–electrode model; impedance analysis; epithelial cells; endothelial cells electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS); cell–electrode model; impedance analysis; epithelial cells; endothelial cells

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Chiu, W.-C.; Chen, W.-L.; Lai, Y.-T.; Hung, Y.-H.; Lo, C.-M. Cell–Electrode Models for Impedance Analysis of Epithelial and Endothelial Monolayers Cultured on Microelectrodes. Sensors 2024, 24, 4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134214

AMA Style

Chiu W-C, Chen W-L, Lai Y-T, Hung Y-H, Lo C-M. Cell–Electrode Models for Impedance Analysis of Epithelial and Endothelial Monolayers Cultured on Microelectrodes. Sensors. 2024; 24(13):4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134214

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiu, Wei-Chih, Wei-Ling Chen, Yi-Ting Lai, Yu-Han Hung, and Chun-Min Lo. 2024. "Cell–Electrode Models for Impedance Analysis of Epithelial and Endothelial Monolayers Cultured on Microelectrodes" Sensors 24, no. 13: 4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134214

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