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Article

Enhancing Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Inspection through an Innovative Curved-Sole Probe Design

by
Irati Sanchez Duo
1,*,
Jose Luis Lanzagorta
1,
Iratxe Aizpurua Maestre
1 and
Lander Galdos
2
1
IDEKO Member of Basque Research and Technology Alliance, 20870 Elgoibar, Gipuzkoa, Spain
2
Faculty of Engineering, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20500 Mondragon, Gipuzkoa, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2024, 24(19), 6360; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196360
Submission received: 2 August 2024 / Revised: 4 September 2024 / Accepted: 27 September 2024 / Published: 30 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Industrial Sensors)

Abstract

Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) is a method of ultrasonic testing (UT) that is widely established as a non-destructive technique (NDT) mainly used for the inspection of welds. In contrast to other established UT techniques, TOFD is capable of identifying discontinuities regardless of their orientation. This paper proposes a redesign of the typical TOFD transducers, featuring an innovative curved sole aimed at enhancing their defect detection capabilities. This design is particularly beneficial for thick-walled samples, as it allows for deeper inspections without compromising the resolution near the surface area. During this research, an evaluation consisting in simulations of the ultrasonic beam distribution and experimental tests on a component with artificially manufactured defects at varying depths has been performed to validate the new design. The results demonstrate a 30 to 50% higher beam distribution area as well as an improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) resulting in a 24% enhancement in the capability of defect detection compared to the traditional approach.
Keywords: time of flight diffraction (TOFD); probe validation; weld inspection; ultrasonic (UT) time of flight diffraction (TOFD); probe validation; weld inspection; ultrasonic (UT)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sanchez Duo, I.; Lanzagorta, J.L.; Aizpurua Maestre, I.; Galdos, L. Enhancing Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Inspection through an Innovative Curved-Sole Probe Design. Sensors 2024, 24, 6360. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196360

AMA Style

Sanchez Duo I, Lanzagorta JL, Aizpurua Maestre I, Galdos L. Enhancing Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Inspection through an Innovative Curved-Sole Probe Design. Sensors. 2024; 24(19):6360. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196360

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanchez Duo, Irati, Jose Luis Lanzagorta, Iratxe Aizpurua Maestre, and Lander Galdos. 2024. "Enhancing Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Inspection through an Innovative Curved-Sole Probe Design" Sensors 24, no. 19: 6360. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196360

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