Antimetastatic Effect of Halichondramide, a Trisoxazole Macrolide from the Marine Sponge Chondrosia corticata, on Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Growth Inhibitory Activity of Halichondramide in PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells
2.2. Modulation of the Gene Expression Levels of PRL-3, MMPs, and Cadherins by HCA
2.3. Suppressive Expression of PRL-3 and Its Associated Proteins by HCA
2.4. Inhibitory Effect of HCA on Cell Migration and Invasion
2.5. Suppressive Effect of HCA on the MMPs in Gelatin Zymography
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. The Evaluation of Antiproliferation Activity
4.4. Analysis of Gene Expression by Real-Time RT-PCR
Target gene | Sequences | |
---|---|---|
PRL-3 | Sense | 5′-AGA AGT ACG GGG CTA CCA CTG-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-CAC AAC GGT GAT GCC ATC CTT-3′ | |
p85 | Sense | 5′-CTG CCT CCT AAA CCA CCA AAA-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-TTC ATA CCG TTG TTG GCT ACA G-3′ | |
p110 | Sense | 5′-CCA CGA CCA TCA TCA GGT GAA-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-CCT CAC GGA GGC ATT CTA AAG T-3′ | |
E-cadherin | Sense | 5′-CGA GAG CTA CAC GTT CAC GG-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-GGG TGT CGA GGG AAA AAT AGG-3′ | |
N-cadherin | Sense | 5′-AGC CAA CCT TAA CTG AGG AGT-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-GGC AAG TTG ATT GGA GGG ATG-3′ | |
β-Actin | Sense | 5′-AGC ACA ATG AAG ATC AAG AT-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-TGT AAC GCA ACT AAG TCA TA-3′ | |
MMP2 | Sense | 5′-GAT ACC CCT TTG ACG GTA AGG A-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-CCT TCT CCC AAG GTC CAT AGC-3′ | |
MMP9 | Sense | 5′-TGT ACC GCT ATG GTT ACA CTC G-3′ |
Antisense | 5′-GGC AGG GAC AGT TGC TTC T-3′ |
4.5. Western Blot Analysis
4.6. Wound Healing Assay
4.7. Cell Migration Assay
4.8. Gelatin Zymography
4.9. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Shin, Y.; Kim, G.D.; Jeon, J.-e.; Shin, J.; Lee, S.K. Antimetastatic Effect of Halichondramide, a Trisoxazole Macrolide from the Marine Sponge Chondrosia corticata, on Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 2472-2485. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11072472
Shin Y, Kim GD, Jeon J-e, Shin J, Lee SK. Antimetastatic Effect of Halichondramide, a Trisoxazole Macrolide from the Marine Sponge Chondrosia corticata, on Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Marine Drugs. 2013; 11(7):2472-2485. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11072472
Chicago/Turabian StyleShin, Yoonho, Gi Dae Kim, Ju-eun Jeon, Jongheon Shin, and Sang Kook Lee. 2013. "Antimetastatic Effect of Halichondramide, a Trisoxazole Macrolide from the Marine Sponge Chondrosia corticata, on Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition" Marine Drugs 11, no. 7: 2472-2485. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11072472