Antitumor Effects of Laminaria Extract Fucoxanthin on Lung Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. FX Inhibits Proliferation in NSCLC Cells
2.2. FX Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in NSCLC Cells
2.3. Effects of FX on the Expression of Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins in NSCLC Cells
2.4. FX Induces Apoptosis in NSCLC Cells
2.5. Effects of FX on the Expression of Apoptosis-Related Genes in NSCLC Cells
2.6. FX Inhibits Human NSCLC A549 Tumor Xenograft Growth in Nude Mice
2.7. FX Induces Apoptosis In Vivo
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Reagents and Chemicals
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. Cell Viability
4.4. Cell Cycle Analysis
4.5. Measurement of Apoptosis by Annexin V-FITC/PI Staining
4.6. Real-Time Quantitative PCR
4.7. Western Blot
4.8. Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 Activity Assay
4.9. Antitumor Activity Study of FX In Vivo
4.10. Immunohistochemistry Analysis
4.11. TUNEL
4.12. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cells | Time (h) | IC50 (μM) |
---|---|---|
A549 | 24 | 51.6 ± 3.89 |
48 | 28.8 ± 1.99 | |
72 | 14.32 ± 0.21 | |
H460 | 24 | 69.1 ± 4.70 |
48 | 40.9 ± 8.09 | |
72 | 17.0 ± 1.42 | |
SPC-A1 | 24 | 60.1 ± 2.39 |
48 | 38.8 ± 2.08 | |
72 | 15.0 ± 5.25 | |
H1299 | 24 | 81.5 ± 4.72 |
48 | 56.4 ± 1.54 | |
72 | 23.7 ± 1.31 |
Group | A549 Cells | H1299 Cells | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cell Cycle Percentage (%) | Cell Cycle Percentage (%) | |||||
G0/G1 | S | G2/M | G0/G1 | S | G2/M | |
Control | 45.7 ± 5.33 | 48.0 ± 10.1 | 6.28 ± 5.24 | 39.0 ± 6.51 | 45.6 ± 3.44 | 7.69 ± 6.16 |
FX 12.5 μM | 61.0 ± 4.46 * | 29.7 ± 7.82 | 9.4 ± 4.02 | 51.3 ± 4.85 | 31.2 ± 7.27 * | 17.5 ± 10.3 |
FX 25 μM | 61.3 ± 3.95 * | 33.7 ± 1.2 | 5.01 ± 2.76 | 56.2 ± 4.62 * | 35.1 ± 5.63 | 8.69 ± 1.1 |
FX 50 μM | 66.3 ± 4.55 ** | 30.2 ± 1.41 * | 3.55 ± 3.18 | 57.3 ± 6.42 * | 30.3 ± 1.04 ** | 12.3 ± 5.38 |
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Mei, C.; Zhou, S.; Zhu, L.; Ming, J.; Zeng, F.; Xu, R. Antitumor Effects of Laminaria Extract Fucoxanthin on Lung Cancer. Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/md15020039
Mei C, Zhou S, Zhu L, Ming J, Zeng F, Xu R. Antitumor Effects of Laminaria Extract Fucoxanthin on Lung Cancer. Marine Drugs. 2017; 15(2):39. https://doi.org/10.3390/md15020039
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei, ChengHan, ShunChang Zhou, Lin Zhu, JiaXiong Ming, FanDian Zeng, and Rong Xu. 2017. "Antitumor Effects of Laminaria Extract Fucoxanthin on Lung Cancer" Marine Drugs 15, no. 2: 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/md15020039