Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Cells and Viruses
2.3. Pigs
2.4. Experimental Design
2.5. Evaluation of Postmortem Tissues
2.6. Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay and Real-Time PCR Assay
2.7. Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay
3. Results
3.1. Pathogenicity of IBV and IDV in Pigs
3.2. Transmissibility of IBV and IDV in Pigs
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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dpi/dpc | Nasal Swab | BALF | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IBV | IDV | IBV | IDV | |||||
Infected | Contact | Infected | Contact | Infected | Contact | Infected | Contact | |
2 dpi | ND (0/10) | ND (0/3) | 34.88 (5/10) | ND (0/3) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
4 dpi (2 dpc) | 34.36 (3/10) | ND (0/3) | 30.36 (8/10) | 35.89 (3/3) | 28.84 (3/3) | NA | 24.10 (3/3) | NA |
6 dpi (4 dpc) | ND (0/7) | ND (0/3) | 31.30 (7/7) | 35.25 (1/3) | 29.08 (2/3) | NA | 28.33 (3/3) | NA |
8 dpi (6 dpc) | ND (0/4) | ND (0/3) | 35.18 (2/4) | 30.02 (1/3) | ND (0/4) | ND (0/3) | 31.54 (4/4) | 34.44 (1/3) |
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Lee, J.; Wang, L.; Palinski, R.; Walsh, T.; He, D.; Li, Y.; Wu, R.; Lang, Y.; Sunwoo, S.-Y.; Richt, J.A.; et al. Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs. Viruses 2019, 11, 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11100905
Lee J, Wang L, Palinski R, Walsh T, He D, Li Y, Wu R, Lang Y, Sunwoo S-Y, Richt JA, et al. Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs. Viruses. 2019; 11(10):905. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11100905
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jinhwa, Liping Wang, Rachel Palinski, Tim Walsh, Dongchang He, Yonghai Li, Rui Wu, Yuekun Lang, Sun-Young Sunwoo, Juergen A. Richt, and et al. 2019. "Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs" Viruses 11, no. 10: 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11100905
APA StyleLee, J., Wang, L., Palinski, R., Walsh, T., He, D., Li, Y., Wu, R., Lang, Y., Sunwoo, S. -Y., Richt, J. A., & Ma, W. (2019). Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs. Viruses, 11(10), 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11100905