Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Calicivirus Isolated in Guangdong Province, China from 2018 to 2022
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Information and Treatment
2.2. RT-PCR Screening for FCV
2.3. Virus Isolation
2.4. Whole Genome Sequencing
2.5. VP1 Gene Sequencing
2.6. Sequence Analysis
2.7. Indirect Fluorescence Assay
2.8. Transmission Electron Microscopy
2.9. Virus Replication Kinetics
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Investigation and Virus Isolation
3.2. Genetic and Phylogenetic Analysis of FCV Isolates
3.3. Recombination Analysis of FCV Isolates
3.4. Comparative Analysis of Amino Acids of the VP1 Proteins
3.5. Virus Replication Kinetics of FCV Isolates
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Location | Age (Months) | Sex | Clinical Symptoms | Vaccination Status | Isolation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guangzhou | 7 | Female | Oral ulceration, salivation, conjunctivitis | No | FCV-SCAU-1 |
Guangzhou | 8 | Unknown | Unknown | No | FCV-SCAU-2 |
Guangzhou | 4 | Male | Eyes pus, salivation | No | FCV-SCAU-3 |
Guangzhou | 5 | Female | Oral ulceration, anorexia | No | FCV-SCAU-4 |
Guangzhou | Unknown | Female | Runny nose, conjunctivitis | No | FCV-SCAU-5 |
Shenzhen | 8 | Female | Coughing, conjunctivitis | No | FCV-SCAU-7 |
Shenzhen | 24 | Unknow | Coughing, conjunctivitis, salivation | Yes | FCV-SCAU-8 |
Guangzhou | Unknown | Female | Diarrhea, oral ulceration | No | FCV-SCAU-9 |
Guangzhou | 12 | Female | Oral and skin ulceration, limb edema, high fever, pneumonia | Yes | FCV-SCAU-10 |
Guangzhou | 9 | Female | Oral ulceration, salivation | Yes | FCV-SCAU-11 |
Yunfu | 12 | Female | Coughing, nasal eyelid edema | Yes | FCV-SCAU-12 |
Yunfu | 13 | Female | Coughing, conjunctivitis, salivation | Yes | FCV-SCAU-13 |
Yunfu | 9 | Female | Oral ulceration, conjunctivitis | Yes | FCV-SCAU-14 |
Yunfu | 10 | Female | Coughing, conjunctivitis, FPV positive | Yes | FCV-SCAU-15 |
Guangzhou | 4 | Male | Eyes pus, oral ulceration | No | FCV-SCAU-16 |
Guangzhou | 5 | Female | Coughing, oral ulceration, anorexia | No | FCV-SCAU-17 |
Guangzhou | 4 | Male | Oral ulceration, coughing, FPV positive | Yes | FCV-SCAU-18 |
Guangzhou | 3 | Male | Nasal eyelid edema, conjunctivitis | No | FCV-SCAU-19 |
Guangzhou | 4 | Male | Oral ulceration, FeHV-1 positive | No | FCV-SCAU-20 |
Guangzhou | 5 | Male | Runny nose, coughing, conjunctivitis | No | FCV-SCAU-21 |
ORF1(%) | ORF2(%) | ORF3(%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isolate | Pathotype | Genogroups | Length (nt/aa) | nt | aa | Length (nt/aa) | nt | aa | Length (nt/aa) | nt | aa |
FCV-SCAU-1 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 79.77 | 92.23 | 2010/669 | 77.08 | 86.53 | 321/106 | 82.87 | 94.34 |
FCV-SCAU-2 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 80.00 | 92.57 | 2010/669 | 75.64 | 86.98 | 321/106 | 83.49 | 94.34 |
FCV-SCAU-3 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 78.80 | 91.77 | 2010/669 | 75.39 | 86.53 | 321/106 | 85.05 | 93.40 |
FCV-SCAU-4 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 78.78 | 91.77 | 2010/669 | 75.39 | 86.53 | 321/106 | 85.05 | 93.40 |
FCV-SCAU-5 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 80.40 | 91.71 | 2010/669 | 76.78 | 88.17 | 321/106 | 83.80 | 94.34 |
FCV-SCAU-7 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 79.47 | 92.51 | 2010/669 | 77.73 | 87.28 | 321/106 | 85.67 | 95.28 |
FCV-SCAU-8 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 79.41 | 92.29 | 2010/669 | 77.83 | 87.28 | 321/106 | 85.67 | 95.28 |
FCV-SCAU-9 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 79.24 | 92.06 | 2010/669 | 77.73 | 87.43 | 321/106 | 86.29 | 95.28 |
FCV-SCAU-10 | Potential VSD | I | 5292/1763 | 80.00 | 92.17 | 2010/669 | 77.08 | 87.72 | 321/106 | 84.42 | 93.40 |
FCV-SCAU-11 | URTD | I | 5292/1763 | 77.60 | 89.60 | 2007/668 | 76.73 | 85.93 | 321/106 | 84.11 | 95.28 |
FCV-SCAU-12 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 75.64 | 87.28 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-13 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2010/669 | 76.23 | 86.83 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-14 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 78.82 | 88.77 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-15 | URTD | II | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 76.68 | 86.08 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-16 | URTD | II | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 74.49 | 85.03 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-17 | URTD | II | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 75.34 | 85.48 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-18 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2010/669 | 76.38 | 87.57 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-19 | URTD | II | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 75.09 | 84.88 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-20 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 77.43 | 86.08 | - | - | - |
FCV-SCAU-21 | URTD | I | - | - | - | 2007/668 | 78.23 | 89.07 | - | - | - |
Recombinant | Major (Similarity) | Minor (Similarity) | p-Value of the Detection Methods | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RDP | GENECONV | BootScan | MaxChi | Chimaera | SiScan | 3Seq | |||
FCV-SCAU-11 | FCV-SH(94.3%) | FCV-GXNN03-20(98.4%) | 9.829 × 10−11 | NS | NS | 2.405 × 10−8 | 5.319 × 10−11 | 3.247 × 10−14 | NS |
Genogroup | Isolate | Amino-Acid Residues and Physico-Chemical Properties Associated with VSD Pathotype | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
438 | 440 | 448 | 452 | 455 | 465 | 492 | ||
VSD-FCV | V | Q | K/R | E | T | S | V | |
ORO-FCV | T | G | A | D | D | G | V | |
GI | FCV-SCAU-1 | T | G | A | D | D | S | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-2 | T | G | S | D | D | S | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-3 | T | G | A | D | D | S | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-4 | T | G | A | D | D | S | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-5 | T | G | A | D | D | S | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-7 | T | G | A | D | A | G | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-8 | T | G | A | D | A | G | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-9 | T | S | K | E | D | G | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-10 | T | G | A | D | D | S | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-11 | T | L | R | E | D | G | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-12 | T | S | R | E | G | G | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-13 | T | S | L | D | D | G | I |
GI | FCV-SCAU-14 | T | S | A | D | D | G | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-18 | T | E | A | D | S | S | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-20 | T | G | A | D | D | S | V |
GI | FCV-SCAU-21 | T | G | A | D | D | G | V |
GII | FCV-SCAU-15 | T | A | P | D | D | G | I |
GII | FCV-SCAU-16 | V | E | R | D | T | G | L |
GII | FCV-SCAU-17 | T | Q | S | D | T | G | L |
GII | FCV-SCAU-19 | T | E | R | E | V | S | A |
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Mao, J.; Ye, S.; Li, Q.; Bai, Y.; Wu, J.; Xu, L.; Wang, Z.; Wang, J.; Zhou, P.; Li, S. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Calicivirus Isolated in Guangdong Province, China from 2018 to 2022. Viruses 2022, 14, 2421. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14112421
Mao J, Ye S, Li Q, Bai Y, Wu J, Xu L, Wang Z, Wang J, Zhou P, Li S. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Calicivirus Isolated in Guangdong Province, China from 2018 to 2022. Viruses. 2022; 14(11):2421. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14112421
Chicago/Turabian StyleMao, Jianwei, Shaotang Ye, Qi Li, Yumeizi Bai, Jieyan Wu, Liang Xu, Zhen Wang, Jingyu Wang, Pei Zhou, and Shoujun Li. 2022. "Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Calicivirus Isolated in Guangdong Province, China from 2018 to 2022" Viruses 14, no. 11: 2421. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14112421