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Case Report

Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms as a Concerning Complication in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

by
María del Carmen Vicente-Ayuso
1,2,*,
María García-Roa
1,2,
Ataúlfo González-Fernández
1,2,
Ana María Alvarez-Carmona
1,
Celina Benavente-Cuesta
1,
Marta Mateo-Morales
1,
Cristina Pérez-López
1,
Ascensión Peña-Cortijo
1,
Marta Polo Zarzuela
1,
Laura Gutiérrez
2 and
Rafael Martínez-Martínez
1
1
Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
2
Department of Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hematol. Rep. 2017, 9(3), 7204; https://doi.org/10.4081/hr.2017.7204
Submission received: 28 April 2017 / Revised: 21 June 2017 / Accepted: 22 June 2017 / Published: 27 September 2017

Abstract

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become a highly curable malignant disease after the introduction of all transretinoic acid (ATRA) to chemotherapy treatment. However, the risk to develop therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) has become a matter of concern, as APL patients are otherwise expected to have a good prognosis. We report a patient with APL who achieved complete remission after chemotherapy induction with anthracycline and ATRA, followed by consolidation and maintenance chemotherapy. Two years later, the patient developed t-AML, with MLL rearrangements, without any evidence of relapse of the APL original clone. The increasing incidence of t-MN in oncohematological patients is partly due to the development of safer, more efficient or targeted therapies, which allow better outcomes and lengthened survival amongst treated patients. The identification of genetic factors, mechanisms or prognostic biomarkers in t-MN might open new windows for the development of personalized targeted therapy regimes in this underserved patient population.
Keywords: acute promyelocytic leukemia; therapy-related myeloid neoplasms; therapyrelated acute myeloid leukemia acute promyelocytic leukemia; therapy-related myeloid neoplasms; therapyrelated acute myeloid leukemia

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MDPI and ACS Style

del Carmen Vicente-Ayuso, M.; García-Roa, M.; González-Fernández, A.; Alvarez-Carmona, A.M.; Benavente-Cuesta, C.; Mateo-Morales, M.; Pérez-López, C.; Peña-Cortijo, A.; Polo Zarzuela, M.; Gutiérrez, L.; et al. Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms as a Concerning Complication in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Hematol. Rep. 2017, 9, 7204. https://doi.org/10.4081/hr.2017.7204

AMA Style

del Carmen Vicente-Ayuso M, García-Roa M, González-Fernández A, Alvarez-Carmona AM, Benavente-Cuesta C, Mateo-Morales M, Pérez-López C, Peña-Cortijo A, Polo Zarzuela M, Gutiérrez L, et al. Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms as a Concerning Complication in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Hematology Reports. 2017; 9(3):7204. https://doi.org/10.4081/hr.2017.7204

Chicago/Turabian Style

del Carmen Vicente-Ayuso, María, María García-Roa, Ataúlfo González-Fernández, Ana María Alvarez-Carmona, Celina Benavente-Cuesta, Marta Mateo-Morales, Cristina Pérez-López, Ascensión Peña-Cortijo, Marta Polo Zarzuela, Laura Gutiérrez, and et al. 2017. "Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms as a Concerning Complication in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia" Hematology Reports 9, no. 3: 7204. https://doi.org/10.4081/hr.2017.7204

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