Evolution of Asian Corn Borer Resistance to Bt Toxins Used Singly or in Pairs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Bt Toxins
4.2. Insects
4.3. Selection Experiment
4.4. Bioassays
4.5. Cross-Resistance
4.6. Amino Acid Sequence Similarity
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Selected with a | Response to | n b | LC50 (95% FL) c (μg toxin/g diet) | RR (95% CI) d |
---|---|---|---|---|
None (S) e | Cry1Ab | 672 | 0.36 (0.28–0.46) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) |
None (S) | Cry1F | 672 | 0.62 (0.46–0.79) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) |
None (S) | Cry1Ie | 672 | 5.15 (4.18–6.18) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) |
Cry1Ab | Cry1Ab | 672 | 5.30 (3.68–6.88) * | 15 (9.9–22) * |
Cry1Ab | Cry1F | 768 | 1.00 (0.68–1.36) * | 1.6 (1.1–2.5) * |
Cry1Ab | Cry1Ie | 672 | 4.64 (3.09–6.29) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) |
Cry1F | Cry1Ab | 672 | 0.88 (0.68–1.08) * | 2.4 (1.7–3.4) * |
Cry1F | Cry1F | 96 | >1000 | >1600 |
Cry1F | Cry1Ie | 672 | 4.16 (3.24–5.22) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) |
Cry1Ie | Cry1Ab | 768 | 0.92 (0.77–1.12) * | 2.5 (1.9–3.5) * |
Cry1Ie | Cry1F | 672 | >100 | >160 |
Cry1Ie | Cry1Ie | 96 | >2047 | >840 |
Amino Acid Sequence Similarity (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toxin Pair | Domain I | Domain II | Domain III | Overall | |
Cry1Ab | Cry1F | 74 | 50 | 63 | 63 |
Cry1Ab | Cry1Ie | 62 | 44 | 80 | 59 |
Cry1F | Cry1Ie | 62 | 40 | 70 | 55 |
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Wang, Y.; Quan, Y.; Yang, J.; Shu, C.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, J.; Gatehouse, A.M.R.; Tabashnik, B.E.; He, K. Evolution of Asian Corn Borer Resistance to Bt Toxins Used Singly or in Pairs. Toxins 2019, 11, 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11080461
Wang Y, Quan Y, Yang J, Shu C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Gatehouse AMR, Tabashnik BE, He K. Evolution of Asian Corn Borer Resistance to Bt Toxins Used Singly or in Pairs. Toxins. 2019; 11(8):461. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11080461
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Yueqin, Yudong Quan, Jing Yang, Changlong Shu, Zhenying Wang, Jie Zhang, Angharad M. R. Gatehouse, Bruce E. Tabashnik, and Kanglai He. 2019. "Evolution of Asian Corn Borer Resistance to Bt Toxins Used Singly or in Pairs" Toxins 11, no. 8: 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11080461