Botulinum Toxin Effects on Sensorimotor Integration in Focal Dystonias
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Subjects
4.2. STDT Testing
4.3. Electromyographic Recordings
4.4. Kinematic Recordings
4.5. Experimental Paradigm
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subjects | Pre-BT-A | Post-BT-A | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rest | 0 ms | 100 ms | 200 ms | Average % Change | Rest | 0 ms | 100 ms | 200 ms | Average % Change | |
CD | 91 ± 5 | 167 ± 11 | 132 ± 12 | 118 ± 10 | 140 ± 9 | 86 ± 8 | 120 ± 11 | 119 ± 12 | 111 ± 11 | 128 ± 10 |
FHD | 88 ± 8 | 176 ± 24 | 169 ± 25 | 130 ± 14 | 164 ± 10 | 84 ± 5 | 134 ± 13 | 131 ± 12 | 112 ± 8 | 141 ± 7 |
BPS | 106 ± 11 | 175 ± 15 | 151 ± 14 | 130 ± 11 | 132 ± 8 | 97 ± 11 | 161 ± 15 | 122 ± 13 | 118 ± 13 | 127 ± 4 |
HS | 74 ± 4 | 107 ± 5 | 88 ± 5 | 78 ± 4 | 118 ± 5 | - | - | - | - | - |
PZ | Gender | Age (yrs) | Disease Duration (yrs) | BT-Atreatment Duration (yrs) | Muscles Injected with BT-A | TWSTRS Off | TWSTRS On |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | M | 45 | 26 | 25 | SPL | 8 | 8 |
2 | F | 58 | 16 | 11 | SPL | 14 | 12 |
3 | F | 45 | 9 | 3 | SPL | 13 | 10 |
4 | F | 36 | 4 | 4 | SCM, SPL | 14 | 8 |
5 | F | 46 | 2 | 2 | SCM, SPL, TPZ | 16 | 12 |
6 | F | 45 | 4 | 3 | SCM, SPL | 13 | 9 |
7 | F | 55 | 13 | 12 | SCM, TPZ | 7 | 6 |
8 | F | 60 | 11 | 8 | SCM, SPL | 10 | 10 |
9 | F | 65 | 10 | 4 | SPL | 14 | 10 |
10 | F | 60 | 20 | 11 | SPL | 14 | 12 |
11 | F | 57 | 20 | 13 | SPL | 7 | 7 |
12 | F | 64 | 5 | 3 | SPL | 14 | 10 |
13 | M | 56 | 4 | 5 | SPL | 13 | 9 |
14 | F | 57 | 3 | 1 | SCM, SPL, TPZ | 15 | 12 |
Avg | F/M = 12/2 | 54 ± 9 | 11 ± 8 | 8 ± 6 | 12 ± 3 | 9 ± 2 |
Pz | Gender | Age (yrs) | Disease Duration (yrs) | BT-A Treatment Duration (yrs) | Muscles Injected with BT-A | BSRS Off | BSRS On |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | F | 71 | 8 | 8 | OO | 13 | 12 |
2 | F | 68 | 10 | 3 | OO | 8 | 6 |
3 | F | 65 | 8 | 7 | OO, Pretarsal | 6 | 2 |
4 | F | 54 | 4 | 3 | OO, Pretarsal | 13 | 12 |
5 | F | 47 | 8 | 4 | OO | 8 | 6 |
6 | F | 50 | 9 | 9 | OO | 6 | 2 |
7 | M | 66 | 9 | 4 | OO, Pretarsal | 14 | 12 |
8 | F | 55 | 8 | 3 | OO, Pretarsal | 6 | 6 |
9 | M | 54 | 5 | 3 | OO | 8 | 6 |
10 | M | 64 | 13 | 10 | OO, Pretarsal | 8 | 8 |
11 | M | 60 | 9 | 6 | OO, Pretarsal | 11 | 9 |
Avg | F/M = 7/4 | 59 ± 8 | 8 ± 2 | 5 ± 3 | 9 ± 3 | 7 ± 3 |
Pz | Gender | Age (ys) | Side Affected | Duration Disease (yrs) | BT-A Treatment Duration (yrs) | Muscles Injected with BT-A | BFMOff | BFM On |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | M | 52 | R | 2 | 1 | FCR | 4 | 3 |
2 | M | 49 | L | 25 | 5 | FDS | 2 | 2 |
3 | M | 58 | R | 22 | 18 | FCR, FCU | 6 | 4 |
4 | M | 59 | R | 23 | 9 | FDP, FDS | 4 | 2 |
5 | F | 66 | R | 25 | 23 | FCR, FCU | 5 | 4 |
6 | F | 40 | L | 1 | <1 | FCR, FCU | 2 | 2 |
7 | F | 50 | L | 8 | 5 | FDP, FDS | 5 | 4 |
8 | F | 18 | R | 1 | <1 | FCU | 2 | 2 |
9 | F | 22 | R | 1 | <1 | FCR, FCU | 12 | 10 |
10 | F | 52 | R | 8 | 8 | ECR | 6 | 4 |
Avg | F/M = 6/4 | 47 ± 16 | R/L = 7/10 | 12 ± 11 | 5 ± 3 | 4 ± 2 |
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De Bartolo, M.I.; Manzo, N.; Ferrazzano, G.; Baione, V.; Belvisi, D.; Fabbrini, G.; Berardelli, A.; Conte, A. Botulinum Toxin Effects on Sensorimotor Integration in Focal Dystonias. Toxins 2020, 12, 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050277
De Bartolo MI, Manzo N, Ferrazzano G, Baione V, Belvisi D, Fabbrini G, Berardelli A, Conte A. Botulinum Toxin Effects on Sensorimotor Integration in Focal Dystonias. Toxins. 2020; 12(5):277. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050277
Chicago/Turabian StyleDe Bartolo, Maria Ilenia, Nicoletta Manzo, Gina Ferrazzano, Viola Baione, Daniele Belvisi, Giovanni Fabbrini, Alfredo Berardelli, and Antonella Conte. 2020. "Botulinum Toxin Effects on Sensorimotor Integration in Focal Dystonias" Toxins 12, no. 5: 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050277