Acetylated Deoxynivalenol Generates Differences of Gene Expression that Discriminate Trichothecene Toxicity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Influences of Pleiotropic Drug Resistance Transporter Regulation
Systematic Name | Gene Symbol | Localization | Description |
---|---|---|---|
YGL013C | PDR1 | cytoplasm, nucleus | Regulates pleiotropic drug resistance |
YBL005W | PDR3 | cytoplasm, nucleus | Transcriptional activator of the pleiotropic drug resistance network |
YDR011W | SNQ2 | plasma membrane | Plasma membrane ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter |
2.2. Stress-Responsive Redox Genes
Systematic Name | Gene Symbol | Group * | Induction with | Localization | Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low Level Iron | Low Level Copper | |||||
YLR214W | FRE1 | II | + | ++ | plasma membrane | Ferric reductase and cupric reductase |
YKL220C | FRE2 | I | ++ | + | Ferric reductase | |
YOR381W | FRE3 | I | ++ | + | Ferric reductase | |
YOL152W | FRE7 | II | - | ++ | Ferric reductase and cupric reductase | |
YLR047C | FRE8 | III | - | - | Similarity to ferric/cupric reductases |
2.3. Genes Specifically Responsive to 15ADON
Systematic Name | Gene Symbol | Localization | Description |
---|---|---|---|
YBL016W | FUS3 | cytoplasm, nucleus | Mitogen-activated serine/threonine protein kinase |
YJL153C | INO1 | cytoplasm | Inositol-3-phosphate synthase |
YLR307C-A | - | unknown | Uncharacterized |
YMR230W-A | - | unknown | Uncharacterized |
2.4. Glucose Transporter Genes Differentiate DON and its Derivatives
Systematic Name | Gene Symbol | Localization | Description |
---|---|---|---|
YKL038W | RGT1 | nucleus | Glucose-responsive transcription factor |
YDL138W | RGT2 | plasma membrane | Plasma membrane glucose sensor |
YDL194W | SNF3 | plasma membrane | Plasma membrane low glucose sensor |
YHR094C | HXT1 | plasma membrane | Low-affinity glucose transporter |
YMR011W | HXT2 | plasma membrane | High-affinity glucose transporter |
YHR092C | HXT4 | plasma membrane | High-affinity glucose transporter |
3. Conclusions
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Cell Strain and Growth Conditions
4.3. RNA and cDNA Preparation, Semi-Quantitative PCR
Name | Direction | Forward or Reverse |
---|---|---|
5′ 3′ | ||
ACT1 | ATTGCCGAAAGAATGCAAAAGG | F |
CGCACAAAAGCAGAGATTAGAAACA | R | |
FRE1 | GCTCGGAAATAAAACTCTCAGAA | F |
ATTATTAACAAGGGGCCTTACCA | R | |
FRE2 | CGACCAAATGTTAAGGAACTTCTAC | F |
AAATGATCACCAGCATTGATACTCT | R | |
FRE3 | TAAATGGATCGTTAGCTGTGGTT | F |
TTGTGATAGGTAAAATAGTGAGGAAA | R | |
FRE7 | GCTTCATTTGTTCAGGTTCTGAC | F |
TGCTTGAATGATATTTCACATGG | R | |
FRE8 | ACGGATTCTATTCAATGTTGCAG | F |
TCAAATACGTGAATTTTCCAAGC | R | |
FUS3 | ATCCGTATTTGCAAACATACCAC | F |
TGTATACATTGTTCTTCGGGTTGATA | R | |
HXT1 | CGTCTTTTTCTTCGTTCCAGA | F |
GAGCTTGTTTAGTTTATTTCCTGCT | R | |
HXT2 | GGGTATGTCTTCATGGGCTGT | F |
TATAATCTCTTATTCCTCGGAAACTC | R | |
HXT4 | TTCTTCGTTCCAGAAACTAAAGG | F |
CCGAACATCTTCTTGTAAAATGG | R | |
INO1 | AAGATGCTGGCAAATTCGAG | F |
TGAGATTACAACAATCTCTCTTCG | R | |
PDR1 | ACAATATTAACAACAACAACAGTAACAA | F |
GGAAGGAAGTTTTTGAGAACTTTTA | R | |
PDR3 | CAACAGACAAAAAGACAACATTCTG | F |
CCATTTACTATGGTTATGCTCTGCT | R | |
RGT1 | CCTCCGCGAGTCATCAGT | F |
ACCTGTCAATACCAGCCTAACTC | R | |
RGT2 | CAATAACAACACTGAACGAAATGG | F |
GGGGAAGTGTATTGGCTGTG | R | |
SNF3 | GAACGAATGGCGCAGTTT | F |
CAAATCATTATTTTCATTTACAGGTTG | R | |
SNQ2 | GCTACTTGTGGAGAAATTTTGGA | F |
GCAGATGAATGCACAAAATGTTA | R | |
YLR307C-A | GGGATGCTAGTACTACTCAATGTCG | F |
TTAATTCAAATTATACTTTTACGTGCTC | R | |
YMR230W-A | GGATGTGTTACGATGCAGACA | F |
ATATGGCGCGTTCTTGAAGG | R |
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
References
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Suzuki, T.; Iwahashi, Y. Acetylated Deoxynivalenol Generates Differences of Gene Expression that Discriminate Trichothecene Toxicity. Toxins 2016, 8, 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins8020042
Suzuki T, Iwahashi Y. Acetylated Deoxynivalenol Generates Differences of Gene Expression that Discriminate Trichothecene Toxicity. Toxins. 2016; 8(2):42. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins8020042
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuzuki, Tadahiro, and Yumiko Iwahashi. 2016. "Acetylated Deoxynivalenol Generates Differences of Gene Expression that Discriminate Trichothecene Toxicity" Toxins 8, no. 2: 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins8020042